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Indirect (Reported) Speech

Indirect (Reported) Speech. Выполнила: Бетанели Елена Евгеньевна, учитель английского языка МБОУ Одинцовская лингвистическая гимназия. General Remarks and Examples. The teacher says, “The lesson is over.” – The teacher says that the lesson is over.

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Indirect (Reported) Speech

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  1. Indirect (Reported) Speech Выполнила: Бетанели Елена Евгеньевна, учитель английского языка МБОУ Одинцовская лингвистическая гимназия

  2. General Remarks and Examples The teacher says, “The lesson is over.” – The teacher says that the lesson is over. “The lesson is over,” the teacher said. – The teacher said that the lesson was over.

  3. Say-tell-ask We use saywhen it is not followed by the person the words were spoken to.We also use to after say. “ I can’t fix it,” he said. – He said he couldn’t fix it. He said to me he couldn’t fix it. We use tellwhen it is followed by the person the words were spoken to. “ I can’t fix it,” he said to me. – He told me he couldn’t fix it. We use ask in reported questions and commands. He said to me , “Please, don’t go!” – He asked me not to go. He asked, “Are you OK?” – He asked me if I was OK.

  4. Necessary Changes • Verbs: said to, told, thought, explained, asked, wondered, etc. I said to him, “I’m busy.” I told him that I was busy. 2. Personal and possessive pronouns: He said, “I must put my books on the desk.” He said that he had to put his books on the desk.

  5. Necessary Changes 3. Demonstrative pronouns, time and place markers: here there now then this that these those ago before today that day yesterday the day before, the previous day tomorrow the next day, the following day next month (week, year) the following month (week, year) last night (week, month) the previous night (week, month)

  6. Necessary Changes – Sequence of Tenses: 1. Present Simple – Past Simple John said, “Ilive in New York.” John said that helived in New York. Bob told us, “Ican’t swim.” Bob told us that hecouldn’t swim.

  7. Necessary Changes – Sequence of Tenses: 2. Present Progressive – Past Progressive Mary said to us, “I’mlearning French now.” Mary told us that shewas learning French then. We said to Tom, “We are leaving soon.” We told Tom that we were leaving soon.

  8. Necessary Changes – Sequence of Tenses: 3. Past Simple – Past Perfect Ann explained, “Jack went home.” Ann explained that Jack had gone home. Mary said to Helen, ”Ibought a new book yesterday.” Mary told Helen that shehad bought a new book the day before.”

  9. Necessary Changes – Sequence of Tenses: 4. Present Perfect – Past Perfect Billy said, “Ihave done it.” Billy said that hehad done it. Jill said to Ann, “Ihave made tea.” Jill said to Ann that shehad made tea.

  10. Necessary Changes – Sequence of Tenses: 5. Past Perfect – Past Perfect Ted said to his mother, “Ihad donemy homework by 6 o’clock p.m. Ted told his mother that he had donehis homework by 6 o’clock p.m.

  11. Necessary Changes – Sequence of Tenses: 6. Future Simple – Future Simple-in-the-Past We said, “We shall win the game.” We said that we should win the game. Jenny said, “Iwill play water polo next Sunday.” Jenny said that shewould play water polo the following Sunday.

  12. Reported Questions(General – Yes/No – Questions) He asked me, “Areyou a student?” He asked me if/whetherIwas a student. She asked him, “Doyouspeak English?” She asked him if/whether hespoke English. Bob asked us, “Didyousee the new film?” Bob wondered if/whether we had seen the new film.

  13. Reported Questions(Special – Wh – Questions) He asked me, “What areyoureading?” He wondered whatIwas reading. My friend asked, “Whendidyousee the new film?” My friend asked me whenIhad seen the new film. Mum asked, “Wherewillyougotonight?” Mum asked whereIwould gothat night.

  14. IndirectQuestions • We use Indirect Questions when we need to ask for advice or information. • We use the following words and phrases: Could you tell me…?, Do you know…?, I wonder…, I want to know…, I doubt… Could you tell me how much this is? I wonder where he is going. I want to know if we will see him again.

  15. Reported Requests He said to me, “Close the door, please!” He asked me to close the door. Mum said to us, “Don’t make such a noise, please!” Mum asked us not to make such a noise. The teacher said, “Sit down, please!” The teacher asked usto sit down.

  16. Reported Orders The teacher said to us, “Don’t be noisy!” The teacher told us not to be noisy. She said, “Close the door and sit down!” She orderedto close the door and sit down. Mum said, “Tell me the truth, don’t tell a lie.” Mum told meto tell the truth and not to tell a lie.

  17. Modalsin Reported Speech • shall/will - would • can - could/would be able to • may - might/could • shall - should (asking for advice)/would (asking for information)/offer (expressing offers) • must - must/had to • needn’t - didn’t need to/didn’t have to/wouldn’t have to

  18. Never changed: • General truths: She said that the snow iswhite. • Regular actions: He told me that he gets up at 7 every morning. • Dates: Mum said he was born in 1985.

  19. Never changed: • Modal verbs should, ought to, had better, could, might, used to and must in the meaning “должно быть, вероятно”: She asked if she should study more. He told me that his brother must be in now.

  20. THANK YOU !

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