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Study Guide

Study Guide. Ottomans. Location: Capital: Istanbul Turkey, extended into Europe and North Africa Famous ruler: Suleiman the Magnificent. Safavids. Location: Centered in Iran Famous ruler: Abbas the Great. Comparison. Ottomans. Safavids. Shi’ite Shah was leader Ally of Europe.

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Study Guide

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  1. Study Guide

  2. Ottomans • Location: • Capital: Istanbul • Turkey, extended into Europe and North Africa • Famous ruler: • Suleiman the Magnificent

  3. Safavids • Location: • Centered in Iran • Famous ruler: • Abbas the Great

  4. Comparison Ottomans Safavids Shi’ite Shah was leader Ally of Europe • Sunni • Sultan was leader • Empire lasted longer • Both: Tolerant, trade flourished, absolute rulers

  5. Modern Turkey • “Sick Man of Europe” • Reasons: Empire couldn’t control provinces • “Young Turks” • Overthrew Sultan • Counter reforms and atrocities • World War I • Ally with Germany = losers

  6. Kemal Atatürk • Built industries with government funds • Separated religion and government • Replaced Islamic law with Western model • Women given more rights • Set up secular public schools • Used western calendar, metric system, and alphabet • Changed dress codes: • Men forbidden to wear Fez • Women forbidden to veil their faces

  7. Suez Canal • Importance: • Reduced distance for trade, travel • Lowered cost and time for travel • Made Middle East center for trade

  8. Arab League • Reasons for creation: • Arabs angry at Europe for Imperialism and Colonialism • Balfour Declaration • Arabs call for single, unified Arab state • Goals: • Participating countries equal • Strengthen relations between Arab states • Become world power • Reduce European influence in Mid East

  9. Arab League • Pros: • Many very wealthy members • Large oil deposits • Membership is expanding • Cons: • Several very poor members • Many internal disagreements • Not Pro-West

  10. Pan-Arabism • Definition: • Movement for unification among the peoples and countries of the Arab World • Closely connected to Arab nationalism, which believes that Arabs constitute a single nation • Pan-Arabism has tended to be secular (apart from religion) and often socialist • Main supporter: • Gamal Abdel Nasser

  11. Balfour Declaration • What did the Declaration create? • Country of Israel, home for Jews • Reasons it started conflict • Muslims vs Jews • Two people, one homeland • Both claim holy land as their own

  12. Zionism • Definition: Movement for the establishment and support of a national homeland for Jews in Palestine

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