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This review explores experiences integrating climate change into development programs, presenting approaches by Irish Aid among others. Key lessons from gender, HIV/AIDS, and environmental change mainstreaming, discussing integration approaches and constraints. The iterative process is highlighted, emphasizing the need for political will, flexible decision-making, and organizational culture shift. A framework for assessing and planning climate integration is introduced.
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Review of experiences to date of integrating climate change into development programming Simon Anderson
Facilitated discussion • Presentations by participants and by facilitators • Irish Aid country programmes present their approaches to integration. • Developing country governments (based upon the GO group for climate mainstreaming convened by IIED).
Key lessons on mainstreaming/ integration from other areas - Review of literature on mainstreaming gender, HIV/AIDS and environmental change • There is no blueprint approach to mainstreaming: tools and approaches need to respond to the specific country context and issue(s) • The three main approaches to mainstreaming are: • Integrationist - adding an issue to current development plans and policies without addressing inherent social inequalities and stated interests; • agenda setting – consultative, recognizes the marginalised voices; • transformative, radical change to the existing development agenda.
Key lessons on mainstreaming/ integration from other areas - Review of literature on mainstreaming gender, HIV/AIDS and environmental change • Mainstreaming is an iterative process which does not necessarily follow a set of sequential steps • Strategic political will decisions on mainstreaming are taken at the top • Implementation design decisions should be taken at the lowest possible level of public authority, closest to the population concerned • Flexibility and adaptive management are key requirements • Organisational culture must break with old ways of thinking and acting, and accept and act on new concepts • Constraints identified: • lack of data, information, skills and institutional capacity to work on environment-development links; • lack of successful models; • and, lack of political will for change. • For most developing countries, mainstreaming both responds to – and is challenged by – competition with many other policy priorities in the face of limited resources
Framework for assessing and planning climate integration (“mainstream-lining”) into development planning
Emerging trends from initiatives to integrate climate into development planning in developing countries