COMENIUS MULTILATERAL PARTNERSHIP 2009/2011

1. COMENIUS MULTILATERAL PARTNERSHIP 2009/2011 “MUSEUMS, EDUCATION AND MODERN SOCIETY” Istituto Statale d’Istruzione Superiore Grottaminarda ITIS/ ISA/ ITC

2. IRPINIA’ S MAP

3. THE HISTORY OF IRPINIA Irpinia is a region of the Apennine Mountains around Avellino, a town in Campania, South Italy about 40 km east of Naples. In antiquity this was the territory of the Hirpini; its extent corresponds approximately to that of today’s province of Avellino. The name "Irpinia" derives from the Oscan word "hirpus", which means wolf, and the wolf remains Irpinia's symbol to this day. Oscan tribes of the Sabines, under demographic pressure, migrated towards this area in the 6th century BC from what is now Umbria. The Hirpini occupied the region Sabato, CaloreIrpino and Ofanto, becoming differentiated with time from the Samnites who settled the area from Molise and Matese. The main centres of the Hirpini were Malies or Maloenton (modern Benevento), Romulea (Bisaccia), Compsa (Conza), Aquilonia, Lacedonia and Abellinum (Avellino).No certain date for the arrival of the Hiripini in the region can be given. They were already settled here at the time of the First Samnite War(342 BC). Their name is found in sources from 280 BC, when the Greek general Pyrrhus of Epirus made his expedition into Italy. In 22 BC Hirpinia became an imperial colony under the name Livia, which received substantial immigration from the Eastern Roman provinces. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Irpinia came successively under Byzantine, Longobard, Hohenstaufen, Anjou, Aragonese and finally Spanish domination. As part of the Kingdom of Naples it was included in the Principato Ultra or Ulterior. A typical “Vicolo” The Roman site ofAeclanum The castle in Rocca San Felice

4. The castle in Ariano Irpino The bellTower in Bagnoli Iripino The Roman baths in Mirabella Eclano Feudalism was abolished in 1806, the same year in which Avellino was declared capital of the province. Irpinia became part of the newly unitedKingdom of Italy in 1861. On August 21, 1962 and on November 23, 1980, two powerful earthquakes devastated the area.

5. THE EARTHQUAKE IN 1980

6. MUSEUMS

7. ECONOMY IN IRPINIA People of Irpinia are inclined not to leave the native land so, in the course of the centuries, agriculture has always been the biggest value and has had a social significance for the populations that live in this earth. From high Irpinia to low Irpinia , a myriad of agricultural companies has represented an important source for all generations. The genuine products of Irpinia are appreciated on the domestic and foreign markets. The role of Irpinia in the history of the viticulture of Campania has always been important: Irpinia offers wines of international reputation like “Greco diTufo, Taurasi and Fiano” of Avellino; together with the local gastronomic tradition, cheeses, meats, fruits of the forest-hazelnuts, chestnuts, cherries, and in autumn, why not the famous black truffle of BagnoliIrpino. The company AntiquaVinea – now engaged in the selection, the bottling and the commercialization of wines –was born on the push of a dynamic reality of market turns to assure to the economy of the entire province a new and more dignified position in the scale of the profit of Italy. The prestigious acknowledgments to national level to the wines of Irpinia impose respectful approach to the entire section. Wooded mountains, green hills, tranquil rives from courses, archaeological sites, medieval villages, ancient obeys in memory of a past rich in history.

8. TYPICAL PRODUCTS

9. INDUSTRIES IN IRPINIA There are many factories in Irpinia important for the Italian economy, including: factories that produce wood and give a high contribution to foreign export and those derived from no-metallic mineral processing and in the field of no-metallic mineral exports. These are the only productive sectors in which you Irpinia has a good ability to penetrate foreign markets; Irpinia industry is characterized by a traditional production. Food manufacturers are still a clear majority in manufacturing. Leather working is one of the main items in the economy of Irpinia. Concentrated in the industrial district of Solofra, this activity has made the small town of Valle dell'Irno one of the capitals of the Italian tanning. Dozens are tanneries Irpinian artifacts, giving them the most important Italian brands in the fashion and apparel. For lovers of the genre there is a chance not only to be found in many leather goods located throughout the province heads the best workers but also to purchase directly from the factory leather jackets, handbags and accessories. And the Fiat, which is Italian Automobile Factory, founded by Luca Cordero diMontezemolo on 11 July 1899 in Turin as a manufacturer of automobiles, then developed his work in many other areas, creating the largest financial group and private industrial Italian. Branches are in Irpinia in Avellino and Pratola Serra.

10. Environment in Irpinia

11. "Green Irpinia“, with its predominance of evergreen forests and with roots that go back to the classical, is also known as "Winery of Ontario" for the production of wines of the highest class, now famous throughout the world. A "Journey in Irpinia" passes through historic sites and natural sites that testify a past that has left deep traces in the present. A journey that lets you know Irpinia and enjoy a pleasant, interesting landscape which will leave its mark. Moreover, thanks to the river Calore, the river Fredane and the numerous groundwater sources, Irpinia offers many picturesque scenery where fishing enthusiasts can practice their sport activities.

12. Today, times are rapidly changing, so for who has been absent from these places for months, returning home here runs the risk of not recognizing the landscapes. He will find wind turbines, towers of concrete and steel as high as 100 yards or more (the last), with a total weight of over 200 tons, between mountains and hills.The Aeolian energy , one of the less harmful alternative sources of energy for the environment, has the disadvantage to be exploited only in the windy place, where the middle speed of the air is at least of 21 km/hs. The modern aerogenerators are based on the same principle of the aeolian motors of the past, or on the exploitation of the kinetic energy of the wind to make to turn the shovels of a rotor.

13. Irpinia folklore The feasts of Christmas and Easter are celebrated in many towns of the region, and sometimes the celebrations have still pagan origins. Very interesting manifestations are organized for Carnival and August holiday. It is worth mentioning the “Festa del Carro di Mirabella Eclano” held in September. It was created to express gratitude to Goddess Pale, protectress of wheat and fields for the crop and for the straw obelisks of Fontanarosa, Flumeri and Villanova del Battista. Palio delle botti di Avellino The living Nativity Gesualdo’s Carnival Festa del Carro di Mirabella Eclano Easter: The passion

14. Irpinia artisanship A land of ancient traditions like Irpinia agricultural ones, necessarily had to develop a tradition in crafts, where manual skills, through the use of traditional instruments, allow the realization of what may be called true masterpieces. The scale manufacture of metals, iron and copper in the head, are still present on the territory. the center of marble processing Processing of straw is tied to religious representations the art of embroidery and tapestry Working stone, extracted from various local quarries Other crafts to remember are the ceramics

15. Grottaminarda Church of S.Maria Maggiore This modern centre is among the most important in the “Ufita Valley”. The original settlement, located in “La Fratta”, dates back to the Lombard domination. The earliest inhabited areas included “Fratta” and the Crypt known as the grotto of “Sant'Angelo”, the most venerated Saint by the Lombards. The word "Mainarda" was added from the first feudal lord, knight Trogisio called the Mainardo, because he had come from the French Region of Main. WHATTOSEE : • The medieval area of “Fratta” • “D'Aquino” Castle • The Church of “S. Maria Maggiore”, built on a project by architect Vanvitelli • The "Fontana del Re", built in the 16th century • The Church of “San Tommaso D'Aquino“ hosting a wooden group of the “Pietà” of the first half of the 16th century View of Grottaminarda D’Aquino Castle

16. The Church of “Black Madonna” in Carpignano The coat-of-arms of Grottaminarda

17. THE NEW SQUARE

18. Well known throughout Italy are the dishes invented by ancient women. Among which we include the "ciambottella" a sauce with hot peppers, or the "cicatielli with pulieio" bitter herb that grows wild in the lands irpina, already known in Roman times. Irpinia boasts an ancient tradition concerning the production of local products, which are generally produced at scale. Local products The oil production is another typical example of geographically dispersed production irpino, but made by companies small size. Chestnuts (very famous ones Montella), and on the ground suffered only a first process, is completed elsewhere (jams, creams, etc..). Appreciated are the fungi, especially those of Bagnoli Irpino. Typical seasonal workers are the tomato industry, widespread in the Montoro

19. THE “PACCHIANA” THE “FESTONE” in GROTTAMINARDA

20. THE CASTLE “THE KING’S FOUNTAIN” THE OLD FOUNTAIN “DOGANA ARAGONESE”