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Instant Fire

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Observe a striking demonstration of a spontaneous oxidation reaction where a drop of acid ignites a mixture of sugar and potassium chlorate (KClO3). This reaction highlights key concepts in organic compounds, reaction kinetics, and oxidation reactions. The sugar acts as a reducing agent while potassium chlorate serves as the oxidizing agent. When the acid is introduced, a rapid and exothermic reaction occurs, illustrating how solid reactants can become reactive under specific conditions. Witness the transformation of carbon in sugar to carbon dioxide and hydrogen to water.

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Instant Fire

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Instant Fire A drop of acid is added to a mixture of chemicals which burst into flame

  2. Demonstration • The pile of chemicals contained • sugar • substance oxidized • reducing agent • potassium chlorate KClO3 • substance reduced • oxidizing agent • A rapid oxidation reaction occurred which liberated a large amount of heat and light

  3. Purpose • To observe a spontaneous oxidation reaction of an organic compound

  4. Concepts 1. Organic Compounds 2. Reaction Kinetics 3. Oxidation Reactions

  5. 1. Organic Reactions • Organic compounds are based on the element carbon • there are some 18 million organic compounds • there are some 1 million inorganic compounds • Organic Reactions • can be highly selective, operating on only one part of a molecule at a time • can be highly non-selective, converting each carbon atom to the same product as in this demonstration where all carbons are converted to carbon dioxide

  6. 2. Reaction Kinetics • How fast a reaction will occur is described by the kinetics of the reaction • Five important considerations 1. nature of reactants 2. Intimate mixing of reactants 3. concentration of reactants 4. temperature 5. Catalysis In this demonstration the reactants are solid reactants. When a drop of acid is added they are brought into close contact a reaction occurs

  7. 3. Oxidation Reactions • Oxidation reactions may be • Controlled or Uncontrolled • controlled burning in a fireplace vs a forest fire • Selective or Non-selective • oxidizing all atoms or only select atoms in a molecule • The oxidation in this demonstration is • Controlled • in the sense that it is contained • Non-selective • in the sense that it converts each carbon atom in sugar to carbon dioxide

  8. Conclusions • A strong oxidizing agent reacted with a reducing agent • The two solid substances underwent no reaction until brought together by a drop of acid catalyst • Carbon in the sugar was oxidized to carbon dioxide • Hydrogen in the sugar was oxidized to water

  9. Comments • The drop of sulfuric acid may have an additional function H2SO4 + 2KClO3 2HClO3 + K2SO4 • The sulfuric acid may react with some of the potassium chlorate to produce chloric acid, itself a strong oxidizing agent

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