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General Structure of Vertebrae

General Structure of Vertebrae. Body Spinous process Transverse process Vertebral foramen Superior Articular process Inferior articular process Intervertebral foramen Vertebral notch. Figure 7.15. General Structure of Vertebrae. Figure 7.15. Cervical Vertebrae. Atlas Axis with dens

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General Structure of Vertebrae

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  1. General Structure of Vertebrae • Body • Spinous process • Transverse process • Vertebral foramen • Superior Articular process • Inferior articular process • Intervertebral foramen • Vertebral notch Figure 7.15

  2. General Structure of Vertebrae Figure 7.15

  3. Cervical Vertebrae • Atlas • Axis with dens • Transverse foramina Table 7.3a

  4. Cervical Vertebrae Table 7.3a

  5. Cervical Vertebrae Figure 7.17a

  6. The Atlas Figure 7.16a

  7. The Atlas Figure 7.16b

  8. The Axis Figure 7.16c

  9. Thoracic Vertebrae 1. Articular facet for rib (on transverse process) Table 7.3b

  10. Thoracic Vertebrae Table 7.3b

  11. Lumbar Vertebrae 1. Large body; very thick! Table 7.3c

  12. Lumbar Vertebrae Figure 7.17c

  13. Lumbar Vertebrae Table 7.3c

  14. Sacrum and Coccyx SACRUM 1. Five fused vertebral portions COCCYX 1. Three to five fused vertebrae Figure 7.18a, b

  15. Sacrum Figure 7.18a, b

  16. Curvatures of The Vertebral Column Figure 7.13

  17. Regions and Normal Curvatures • Vertebral column is about 70 cm (28 inches) • Vertebral column is divided into five major regions • Cervical vertebrae – 7 vertebrae of the neck region • Thoracic vertebrae – 12 vertebrae of the thoracic region • Lumbar vertebrae – 5 vertebrae of the lower back • Sacrum – inferior to lumbar vertebrae – articulates with coxal bones • Coccyx – most inferior region of the vertebral column

  18. Regions and Normal Curvatures • Four distinct curvatures give vertebral column an S-shape • Cervical and lumbar curvatures– concave posteriorly (secondary curves) • Thoracic and sacral curvatures – convex posteriorly (primary curves) • Curvatures increase the resilience of the spine

  19. Ribs: True, False, and Floating Figure 7.19a

  20. Ribs • Head • Neck • Tubercle • Superior margin • Inferior margin Figure 7.20a

  21. Ribs

  22. Sternum • Manubrium • Body • Xiphoid process • Costal cartilage Figure 7.19a

  23. Sternum Figure 7.19a

  24. How CPR compresses the heart between vertebrae and sternum Figure 7.19b

  25. Types of Ribs

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