1 / 15

Overview of general computer structure

Overview of general computer structure. Computers are versatile. Why? Because it can be programmed to do more than one specific task. Accountants ~ tax forms etc. Machinists ~ control drilling, lathes etc. Medical uses Simulation in real time ~ space.

jaeger
Télécharger la présentation

Overview of general computer structure

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Overview of general computer structure

  2. Computers are versatile • Why? • Because it can be programmed to do more than one specific task. • Accountants ~ tax forms etc. • Machinists ~ control drilling, lathes etc. • Medical uses • Simulation in real time ~ space

  3. Computers are Designed to do what the instruction set(software) says to do. • Usage demands patience and persistence. • User must learn the language (commands). • User must know syntax for a particular language.

  4. Overview of Hardware and Software • Hardware: implies physical components. • Software : implies: a. Operating system software. b. Application software.

  5. General Computer Hardware CPU Input device Output device Main Memory Secondary Storage

  6. CPU ~ Central Processing Unit • Input Output • Instruction Result ALU Control Unit

  7. CPU • ALU: arithmetic and Logic Unit. • (does the math) • Control Unit: • fetches- from main memory, the next instruction in a sequence of instructions. • Decode-Instruction is coded in the form of a number. The control unit decodes the instruction and generates an electronic signal. • Executes: signal is routed to a device.

  8. Main Memory • RAM---random access memory: a device that holds information. (Usually a temporary holding because when the computer is turned off the RAM is erased.)

  9. Secondary storage • Hard disk: holds information for a long time. • Other devices: • Flash drive • Optical drive (compact disk or DVD)

  10. Definition of Devices • Output devices: Monitor Printer Disk drives • Input devices: • Keyboard • Mouse • Disk drives

  11. Software • Operating System---set of programs that manage the computer hardware devices and control their processes. • Single task—one program at a time. • like MS-DOS • Multi-tasking---runs multiple programs all at once. It divides the CPU memory among executable programs. Like Unix, XP, Windows 7.

  12. Multi-tasking • Falls into categories based upon the number of users. • Multi-user---Unix, Linux • Single User DOS, Windows

  13. Language • If a Program is a set of instructions a computer follows; then a programming language is a special code(language) used to write the program. • Low level: implies machine language • High-level: human readable

  14. Some of the Languages • Basic • Fortran • COBOL • Pascal • C • C++ • C# • Java • Forth/Fifth • Visual Basic

  15. Source Code---source file, text editors • Object code---checks for syntax • Executable code---Object code +library routines

More Related