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Veterinary Medical Terminology and Abbreviations: Understanding Animal Terms and Directions

Learn the basics of veterinary medical terminology, including common animal terms, directional terms, and abbreviations. Enhance your understanding of the veterinary field and improve communication with veterinary professionals.

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Veterinary Medical Terminology and Abbreviations: Understanding Animal Terms and Directions

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  1. Chapter 1 Veterinary Medical Terminology and Abbreviations

  2. Breaking Down a Term • Break each word into the PREFIX, SUFFIX and ROOT word • Determine each meaning and put into a definition that makes sense • POST/OPERAT/IVE: pertaining to after a surgery • CARDIO/LOGY: the study of the heart • GASTR/ITIS: inflammation of the stomach • OVARIO/HYSTER/ECTOMY: surgical removal of the ovaries and uterus

  3. Common Directional Terms • LATERAL: side of the body; toward the outside • DISTAL: away from the center of the body • DORSAL: toward the back of the body (spinal area) • CRANIAL: toward the head of the body • PALMAR: bottom of the front feet • ROSTRAL: toward the nose

  4. Common Directional Terms • MEDIAL: toward the inside • PROXIMAL: toward the center of the body • VENTRAL: toward the abdomen of the body (belly) • CAUDAL: toward the tail of the body • PLANTAR: bottom of the back feet • ASPECT: area • RECUMBENT or RECUMBENCY: lying • TRANSVERSE- across an area dividing it into cranial and caudal sections

  5. Directional Diagram • A- cranial • B- caudal • C- ventral • D- dorsal • E- rostral • F- proximal • G- distal • H- palmar • I- plantar

  6. Species Terms • Canine- dog • Feline- cat • Equine- horse • Bovine- cow • Cavy- guinea pig • Primate- monkeys and apes • Poultry- chickens and turkeys • Murine- rats or mice • Ovine- sheep • Porcine- pig • Caprine- goat • Lagomorph- rabbit • Avian- bird • Reptile- snakes and lizards • Amphibians- frogs and toads • Terrapin- turtle

  7. Common Animal Terms: Dogs • Intact: capable of reproduction • Bitch: female adult intact dog • Stud dog: male adult intact dog • Puppy: newborn dog • Litter: a group of newborn dogs • Whelping: the labor process of dogs

  8. Common Animal Terms: Cats • Queen: adult female intact cat • Tom: adult male intact cat • Kitten: newborn cat • Queening: the labor process of cats

  9. Common Animal Terms: Rabbits • Buck: adult male intact rabbit • Doe: adult female intact rabbit • Lapin: neutered male rabbit • Kit: newborn rabbit • Kindling: labor process of rabbits

  10. Common Animal Terms: Ferrets and Guinea Pigs • Jill: intact female ferret • Hob: intact male ferret • Sprite: neutered female ferret • Gib: neutered male ferret • Sow: female intact guinea pig • Boar: male intact guinea pig • Pup: young newborn guinea pig

  11. Common Animal Terms: Rats and Mice • Dam: adult female intact rat or mouse • Sire: adult male intact rat or mouse • Pup: young newborn mouse or rat

  12. Common Animal Terms: Poultry and Birds • Cock: adult intact male chicken or parrot • Rooster: adult male chicken • Hen: adult female chicken or parrot • Cockerel: immature male chicken • Pullet: immature female chicken • Chick: newborn chicken • Poult: young chicken or turkey • Flock: group of birds • Drake: male duck • Duck: female duck • Duckling: newborn duck

  13. Common Animal Terms: Pigs Sow: adult female intact pig Boar: adult male intact pig Barrow: young castrated male pig Stag: adult male castrated pig Gilt: young immature female pig that has not farrowed Piglet: newborn pig Farrowing: labor process of pigs

  14. Common Animal Terms: Horses • Stallion: adult male intact horse • Mare: adult female intact horse • Colt: young male horse • Filly: young female horse • Foal: newborn horse • Gelding: castrated male horse • Weanling: young horse under a year of age • Yearling: young horse between 1 and 2 years of age • Herd: group of horses

  15. Common Animal Terms: Equine • Horse: equine over 14.2 hands in height • Pony: equine under 14.2 hands in height • Hand: measurement of height that equals 4 inches

  16. Common Animal Terms: Equine • Donkey: donkey crossed with a donkey • Hinny: cross of male horse and female donkey • Jack: intact male donkey • Jenny: intact female donkey • Mule: cross of male donkey and female horse

  17. Common Animal Terms: Sheep and Goats • Ewe: adult female sheep • Ram: adult male sheep • Lamb: newborn sheep • Lambing: labor process of sheep • Freshening: labor process of dairy animals • Buck: male goat • Doe: female goat • Wether: castrated male goat or sheep • Kid: newborn goat • Kidding: labor process of goats

  18. Common Animal Terms: Cattle and Llamas Bull: male cow or llama Cow: female cow or llama Heifer: young female cow that has not been bred Stag: mature castrated male cow Steer: young castrated male cow Calf: newborn cow Calving: labor process of cows and llamas Cria: young llama

  19. FLASH CARDS Use flash cards for new veterinary terms learned throughout the course Study 5-10 minutes each day You will learn many veterinary terms and abbreviations in this course to add to your vocabulary list Make terminology FUN!

  20. Clinical Situation • Yr • SF • DLH • PE • v/d • WNL • TPR • Wt • Lbs or # • O • BM • CBC • Rads or x-rays • dz • dx • tx • o • Tabs • PO • SID

  21. Are you ready for the exam? • Twice a day • By mouth • Surgery • Prescription • Four times a day • History • Diagnosis • Gums • Treatment • Pulse • Biopsy • Positive • Every • Pound • Right ear • Left eye

  22. Patient Information • K-9: canine or dog • DLH: domestic long hair (cat) • DSH: domestic short hair (cat) • M: male • F: female • S or SF: spayed or spayed female • NM: neutered male • C or CAST: castrated

  23. Patient Information • o: owner • y or yr: year • mo: month • wk: week • d: day • EX: exotic • C-SECT: caesarian section • d/o: drop off • p/u: pick up • d/c: discharge • rec: recommend • S/R: suture removal • Sx- surgery

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