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Unit 3: Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry

Unit 3: Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry. Types of Reactions. Synthesis/Combination Reactions. In a synthesis reaction , two or more substances combine to form a new compound. A + B → AB. How do you tell? More reactants than products. Decomposition Reaction.

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Unit 3: Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry

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  1. Unit 3: Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry Types of Reactions

  2. Synthesis/Combination Reactions In a synthesis reaction, two or more substances combine to form a new compound. A + B → AB How do you tell? More reactants than products

  3. Decomposition Reaction In a decomposition reaction a single compound is broken down to form two or more smaller compounds. AB → A + B How do you tell? More products than reactants

  4. Single Displacement Reaction In a single displacement reaction, one element replaces a similar element in a compound. A + BX → AX + B How do you tell? element + compound→element + compound

  5. Double Displacement Reaction In a double displacement reaction, ions from two compounds in solution exchange places to produce two new compounds. AB + CD → AD + CB NaCl + AgNO3  AgCl + NaNO3 How do you tell? compound + compound→compound + compound

  6. Types of Reactions Practice Identify the following unbalanced reactions as synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, or double displacement. EXPLAIN YOUR CHOICE. 1. KOH + HBr → KBr + H2O 2. Mg + CO2 → MgO + C 3. PCl3 + Cl2 → PCl5

  7. Combustion Reaction In a combustion reaction (burning), a carbon compound combines with oxygen and releases a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat. Carbon compound + O2→ CO2 + H2O The products of a combustion reaction are ALWAYS CO2 + H2O

  8. two or more reactants combine to produce ONE compound A + B → AB Synthesis + → ONE compound is broken down to produce two or more compounds AB → A + B Decomposition → + element + compound produces element + compound A + BX → AX + B Single Displacement + → + two compounds produce two compounds AB + CD → AD + BC Double Displacement + → + burning - carbon compound combines with oxygen to release heat/energy Carbon compound + O2 → CO2 + H2O Combustion ALWAYS THE PRODUCTS!

  9. Types of Reaction Examples Synthesis: Mg + O2 MgO Decomposition: KBrO3  KBr + O2 Single Displacement: Fe + CuSO4  Cu + FeSO4 Double Displacement: NaCl + AgNO3  AgCl + NaNO3 Combustion: C6H14 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

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