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1 st QUARTER TEST Prep

This study guide covers essential concepts of plate tectonics, including the Earth's layers: the solid crust, the semi-solid mantle, the liquid outer core mainly composed of iron and nickel, and the solid inner core. It explains how convection currents in the mantle move tectonic plates, the types of plate boundaries (divergent, convergent, transform), and subduction zones. Additionally, it discusses evidence for the existence of Pangaea and how seismographs are used to measure earthquake distance and strength.

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1 st QUARTER TEST Prep

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  1. 1st QUARTER TEST Prep

  2. SOME STUDY IS HIGHLY RECOMMENDED BY THE MANAGEMENT

  3. Simply put, what is the theory of plate tectonics ?

  4. The earth’s crust is made up of plates that are moved around by convection currents in the mantle.

  5. The outer layer of the Earth, the CRUST is what? • Solid, liquid, like putty

  6. SOLID

  7. The second layer of the Earth, the MANTLE is what? • Solid, liquid, like putty

  8. Like Putty. It is hard like a solid, but it will flow in currents.

  9. The 3rd layer of the Earth, the OUTER CORE is what? • Solid, liquid, like putty

  10. LIQUID - Mostly Iron & Nickel

  11. The LOWEST layer of the Earth, the INNER CORE is what? • Solid, liquid, like putty

  12. SOLID - - • The Metal is squeezed together so tightly that the molecules can’t move

  13. Earth’s LayersKnow them

  14. What part of the earth moves the outer plates?

  15. The mantle is flowing in currents and moves the plates that float on top of it

  16. What energy transfer method causes the mantle to flow?

  17. CONVECTION

  18. Where does the heat come from that heats the mantle and causes it’s convection currents?

  19. The super HOT outer and inner core provide the heat for mantle convection currents

  20. What is a divergent boundary?

  21. 2 plates moving apart

  22. Divergent Boundary

  23. What is a convergent boundary?

  24. 2 plates moving together

  25. Convergent Boundary

  26. What is a transform boundary?

  27. 2 plates sliding past each other like 2 trains on parallel tracks

  28. What is a subduction zone?

  29. The place where one plate is sliding under another in a convergent boundary

  30. Subduction Zone

  31. How fast do the plates usually move?

  32. Usually only a centimeter or 2 per year, but India is clocked at 20 cm/yr

  33. Where is a convergent boundary?

  34. Washington and Oregon

  35. What type of boundary is a subduction zone associated with?

  36. Convergent

  37. Where is a transform boundary?

  38. Much of the coast of California

  39. Where is a Divergent boundary?

  40. The riff valley in Ethiopia

  41. How do we know Pangaea really existed?

  42. Coal in Antartica • The shapes of the continents • Identical fossils around the world • Identical rocks around the world

  43. CLOSE OR FAR?

  44. CLOSE

  45. What is one thing a seismograph tells us?

  46. Distance to the epicenter

  47. What is the other thing a seismograph tells us?

  48. How strong the earthquake is

  49. What is the focus and the epicenter of an earthquake?

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