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Solar System

Solar System. Sun, Planets, Minor Planets, Asteroids, Comets, Meteors and Lots of Space. http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap080206.html. What you do affect the people around you, and some students want to participate in this class

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Solar System

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  1. Solar System Sun, Planets, Minor Planets, Asteroids, Comets, Meteors and Lots of Space http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap080206.html

  2. What you do affect the people around you, and some students want to participate in this class If you want to talk, please leave the room. Do not stand in a doorway. If you want to text your friends, please leave the room. Please be considerate of the other students in the class. If you want to listen to music, please do so somewhere else. You may be using headphones, but we still can hear. If you want to use your computer for anything other than note taking, please go somewhere else. But first…

  3. Visible From Earth • Sun • Moon • 5 Planets • Stars • Satellites and ISS • Constellations • 3 Galaxies December 4, 1997 http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/0710/Early-Bird-Special.jpg

  4. Galaxies • Large Magellanic Cloud • Small Magellanic Cloud • Andromeda Galaxy (found in the Constellation Andromda http://domeofthesky.com/clicks/images/and.gif

  5. Andromeda Galaxy2.2 million light years away~13,200,000,000,000,000,000 miles13 quintillion miles http://www.astro.uiuc.edu/~kaler/sow/andeep.jpg

  6. Polaris • Within 1º of our polar north • Not always the “north star” http://www.astropix.com/HTML/C_SPRING/URSAS.HTM

  7. http://www.allthesky.com/various/umaumi.html

  8. http://www.allthesky.com/various/umaumi.html

  9. Procession • Wobble like a top • Completes the wobble every ~26,000 years • Other “north stars, Thuban in Draco and Vega in Lyra • However, they are no where near 1º of our polar north http://stardate.org/images/gallery/d_procession.jpg

  10. Constellations • Star patterns in sky • Acts like state lines in a road map • Stars appear to be on a dome – cannot judge distance http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Fields/8616/circumpolar.html

  11. Zodiac Constellations • The plane of our solar system lies in these constellations • The plane of our Galaxy is different • Right now, for example, Saturn can be found in the constellation Leo http://cse.ssl.berkeley.edu/IU/ISTAT/astross/activities/sky_coord2.gif

  12. Sun • Medium yellow star • ~10 billion life span • Primarily hydrogen with some helium • Converts ~8 tons of matter per second to energy http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap030223.html http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap051005.html

  13. Planets http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap060828.html

  14. April’s Planetary Show • Jupiter rises in the east about 1 hour before the sun • Saturn just after sunset in Leo’s lower left • Mercury upper left just after the sun sets • Mars in Cancer, high in the southern skies • Venus – the brightest – is high in the south west sky after sunset

  15. Mercury • Only seen just after sunset or just before sunrise • Smallest planet • Most heavily cratered body http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap080319.html

  16. Venus • Earth’s Twin (about the same size • Hottest planet (runaway greenhouse gases) average 480ºC (850ºF) • Sulfuric clouds • Pressure ~ 100 feet under water http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap060110.html http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap050903.html

  17. Mars • About ¼ the size of Earth • Not enough gravity to maintain a thicker atmosphere • Average temperature is -61ºC (-81ºF) • Earth’s average is 15ºC (59ºF) http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/usgsmars.gif

  18. Jupiter • Largest planet (1300 Earths would fit inside!!! • 2.5x the gravity than on Earth • Jupiter radiates more energy into space than it receives from the Sun http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/0212/jupiterIo_cassini_full.jpg

  19. Jupiter’s Galilean Moons Developed by Barbara J. Shaw http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00343

  20. Jupiter’s Galilean Moons http://www.astro.psu.edu/users/niel/astro1/slideshows/class41/010-jupiter-galilean-moons.jpg

  21. Size in Relationship to Jupiter http://www.carinasoft.com/voyager4/info/images/ThreeMoonsOnJupiter.jpg

  22. Size Compared to Earth http://homepages.wmich.edu/%7Ekorista/ss-images/solarsys_compsizes.jpg

  23. -2 -1 +1 +2 Night 1

  24. -2 -1 +1 +2 Night 2

  25. -2 -1 +1 +2 Night 3

  26. -2 -1 +1 +2 Night 4

  27. -2 -1 +1 +2 Night 5

  28. -2 -1 +1 +2 Night 6

  29. -2 -1 +1 +2 Night 7

  30. -2 -1 +1 +2 Night 8

  31. -2 -1 +1 +2 Night 9

  32. Now you predict Night 10 -2 -1 +1 +2

  33. Night 10 -2 -1 +1 +2

  34. Can you place each moon in orbit around Jupiter? -2 -1 +1 +2 http://www.ox.ac.uk/images/maincolumn/257_Jupiter_from_Cassini.jpg

  35. Callisto Ganymead Europa -2 -1 +1 +2 Io Answer

  36. Saturn • Galileo described Saturn with ears • Although all the gas giants have rings, only the Saturn rings are visible (but VERY thin ~30 feet!) • Density of Saturn is so light, it would float in water http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap070407.html http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/image-details.cfm?imageID=1398

  37. Uranus and Neptune http://hubblesite.org/gallery/album/entire_collection/pr2006047b/ http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/0406/nep2002_hst1pan_full.jpg

  38. Asteroid Belt • Between Mars and Jupiter • Estimated 376,537 asteroids • 1/1000th of the mass of the Earth http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap040619.html

  39. Kuiper Belt • Beyond the orbit of Neptune (~30 to 55AU) • Pluto/Charon and Eras are the largest bodies known in this region • 20-200 times more mass than Asteroid Belt • ↑The MPC Orbit (MPCORB) Database. • ↑ Carl D. Murray and Stanley F. Dermott (1999). Solar System Dynamics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 0 521 57295.9 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Outersolarsystem_objectpositions_labels_comp.png#filelinks

  40. Oort Cloud • Outer reaches of our solar system from Kuiper Belt to ~50,000AU! • Billions of comets http://astro.berkeley.edu/~conor/ay250/pluto.html

  41. Moon • Most familiar object in the sky • Even preschoolers recognize pictures of the moon • However, students struggle to explain the phases http://www.afreshhorizon.co.uk/moon_phases.htm

  42. Stopped by a cop • He said, “Do you know how fast you are going?” • I replied, “That, sir, is relative…” http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/0007/startrails_aat.jpg

  43. How Fast? • I was driving 55 miles per hour, but… http://www.zenconsulting.net/jasonkehr/images/T1000.jpg

  44. How Fast? • The Earth, at the equator, rotating on it’s axis • 1,040 miles per hour • In Portland, roughly 520 mile per hour http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/0703/bluemarble_apollo17_big.jpg

  45. How Fast? • The Earth revolving around the sun • 67,000 miles per hour http://www.ecology.com/archived-links/earths-orbit/index_files/earthorbit.gif

  46. How Fast? • The Sun revolving around the Milky Way Galaxy • 486,000 miles per hour http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap011004.html

  47. How Fast? • The Milky Way Galaxy moving with the local cluster towards the constellation Hydra • 1,340,000 miles per hour http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap020123.html

  48. How Fast? • So, Officer, it is all relative, and 55 is insignificant! • I still got the ticket http://www.rps.psu.edu/probing/graphics/light.jpg

  49. Questions? http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/etacarinae_hst.gif

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