1 / 26

“Mainstream” (def.)

“Mainstream” (def.). Daily publication (vs. weekly) Advertising revenues Circulation Reporters’ references to official (government, business, institutional) sources vs. individuals or outliers Traditional news frames vs. minority positions Not monolithic—many perspectives possible.

illiana-aguilar
Télécharger la présentation

“Mainstream” (def.)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. “Mainstream” (def.) • Daily publication (vs. weekly) • Advertising revenues • Circulation • Reporters’ references to official (government, business, institutional) sources vs. individuals or outliers • Traditional news frames vs. minority positions • Not monolithic—many perspectives possible

  2. Getting women into the workforce: Mainstream journalism as wartime propaganda

  3. Outline I. Timeline II. Propaganda techniques III. Mainstream propaganda for mainstream change IV. Seeds of change V. Trajectory chart

  4. I. Time-line 1940-44 Number of women at work increases by 50 percent; 7 million women take non-traditional jobs. Def. of “women’s work” and place of work changed.

  5. I. Time-line (cont.) 1940 12 million women work outside the home 12/11, 1941—Germany declares war on US 1944 19 million women work outside the home (plus 58 percent)

  6. I. Time-line (cont.) May 8, 1945 — War ends in Europe Aug. 14, 1945—War ends in Asia (Japan)

  7. I. Time-line (cont.) 1946 One million women remain in newly feminized jobs in industry; two million in office jobs.

  8. II. Propaganda techniques A. The media 1. Radio 2. Newspapers 3. Magazines

  9. B. Pictures tell the story • The NY Times (Fall 1941) • Life • Newsweek • Christian Science Monitor • The Nation • Margaret Bourke-White

  10. Norman Rockwell’s “Rosie the Riveter” cover for The Saturday Evening Post, 29 May 1943.

  11. Margaret Bourke-White, self-portrait, 1943

  12. Margaret Bourke-White, 1937

  13. III. Mainstream propaganda for mainstream ideological changeA. Pre-war ideological norms • Women worked only at home (child-rearing and housework). • Looking pretty (glamour) was a prime source of social currency and power for women. • Men worked only outside the home as primary providers.

  14. III. B. How change took place Social theory How much change was there? “Hegemony” — Antonio Gramsci, Frankfurt School, Marxist (def.) When a subordinate group consents to the terms of its own subordination.

  15. Hegemony involves these effects: — Subordinate groups stay subordinate. — Dominant groups stay dominant. — The overall system keeps going.

  16. III.C. “The Beauty Myth:” How women were persuaded to change AND stayed the same, at once. Concepts: Aesthetics = ideology Gender roles

  17. III. D. Valorizing femininity: In praise of normal attributes • Finger dexterity • Moral energy • Physical energy • Attention to detail

  18. III—Summary: Mainstream media and social control • Media changed social rules, but not broader principles of social organization • Principle protected: The Fourth Estate as a key rule-maker.

  19. IV. Seeds of change A. Daycare B. Race C. Social movements

  20. V. Trajectory chart • Outsiders? No ideological opposition within the American media. • Goal for change?To mobilize the whole ideological system against Nazism and the Axis powers. • Mainstream press’s ideological base? Wartime propaganda to get women into the workforce without upsetting the dominant institutional power structure. • Outcome? Mainstream journalism changed mainstream “rules” re: women, work, and the home; Overall: Victory over Japan and Germany.

More Related