Potentials and Challenges of Peer-to-Peer Technology

1. Potentials and Challenges of Peer-to-Peer Technology Copenhagen, December 2, 2005 Halldor Matthias Sigurdsson (halldor@cict.dtu.dk)

2. Is it the open sea for the pirates? • Or a chest of gold for those who can master it? Motivation There seem to be two dominant views about peer-to-peer technology Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

3. Motivation Both are wrong • Peer-to-Peer technology is an ALTERNATIVE, which is and will be used when feasible Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

4. Introduction • Peer-to-Peer: What, why, where • Economic Analysis of P2P Networks • SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) of P2P • Business and revenue models in P2P • The current status and future of P2P • Analysis of Skype • Proposal of a new service Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

5. Peer-to-Peer Networks Client / Server Peer-to-Peer STREAMING SERVER BACKBONE NETWORK BACKBONE NETWORK ISP1 ISP2 ISPN ISP1 ISP2 ISPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PEERS PEERS PEERS PEERS PEERS PEERS Have traditionally suffered from being: • Single point of failure • Resource Demanding • Does not scale well • Congestion prone Have traditionally suffered from being • Uncontrollable • Illegal content • Unreliable • low quality Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

6. Key Design Issues Centralised Decentralised Hybrid Peer Peer Peer Peer Peer Peer Peer Peer Peer Peer Peer Peer Content Signalling Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

7. Development of P2P Networks Nerds Mainstream Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

8. Economic Analysis Peer Utility Operator Utility Revenue Joy of content Incentive Incentive CAPEX OPEX Opportunitycost Price ofcontent Licence fee Peers and Operators have utility functions that they try to maximise Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

9. Case of file-sharing Peer-to-Peer Utility Client / Server Utility Joy of content Joy of content Price ofcontent Price ofcontent Opportunitycost Peers will continue sharing, while there is no other alternative that gives higher utility Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

10. SWOT SWOT Analysis of Peer-to-Peer Technology Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

11. Future Applications Server P2P will become a competing transmission technology Application Domain: File-sharing and downloading Streaming content / VoD On-line Gaming Telecommunication Video-conferencing Cooperative working Super Nodes Clients Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

12. Skype Server Super Nodes Clients What is so special about Skype: Worth $ 2.5 billion to begin with easy, good quality and free 50 million registered users Scalable and no infrastructure Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

13. 3 1 2 6 4 5 9 7 8 New Service Idea Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

14. How does it work? STREAMING SERVER BACKBONE NETWORK ISP1 ISP2 ISPN . . . . . . . . . PEERS PEERS PEERS 3 1 2 6 4 5 9 7 8 Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

15. Conclusion • P2P is becoming mainstream and being incorporated into an increasing number of applications • P2P has to consider all members of the value chain to be successful • P2P offers great opportunities of increased efficiency, development and can reduce barrier to entry • Peer-to-Peer technology is an ALTERNATIVE, which is and will be used when feasible Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

16. Questions ? For questions or comments Please feel free to contact halldor@cict.dtu.dk Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer

17. SEEDING SERVER ACCOUNTING SERVER DRM SERVER META SERVER SERVICE LAYER BACKBONE NETWORK CONNECTIVITY LAYER MANAGEMENT SUPER NODE SUPER NODE SUPER NODE ISP ISP ISP ACCESS LAYER . . . . . . . . . PEERS PEERS PEERS Conceptual Model • Future Multimedia Framework • Legal Content • SIP2P competes • Why use SIP2P? • Seeding Server • Accounting Server • DRM Server • Meta Server Potentials and challanges of peer-to-peer