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Climate change The UNFCC The Protocol of Kyoto The USA The European Union France Third World

Climate change The UNFCC The Protocol of Kyoto The USA The European Union France Third World Emissions Trading Renewable energies and carbon sequestration. Evolution of the emission of carbon dioxide. The Greenhouse effect. Signatories to the UNFCCC are split into three groups:

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Climate change The UNFCC The Protocol of Kyoto The USA The European Union France Third World

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  1. Climate change • The UNFCC • The Protocol of Kyoto • The USA • The European Union • France • Third World • Emissions Trading • Renewable energies and carbon sequestration

  2. Evolution of the emission of carbon dioxide The Greenhouse effect

  3. Signatories to the UNFCCC are split into three groups: • Annex I countries (industrialised countries) • Annex II countries (developed countries which pay for costs of developing countries) • Developing countries.

  4. Conditions of the Kyoto Protocol Condition 1 Condition 2 • 55 parties of the UNFCCC Nb : emissions level of 1990

  5. Asia-Pacific Partnership for Clean Development and Climate (APPCDC )

  6. 25 % of the Americans contribute to the reductions of emissions thanks to actions taken by cities and states. • $4.5 billions spent annually for global climate research projects, including: • $1.7 billion to develop emission-free automotive • $1.3 billion on renewable energies • $400 millions on clean-coal research

  7. 22% of global greenhouse gas emissions • Goal: to cut by 8% from 1990 emission levels

  8. France disposes of many advantages in the domain of the renewable energy : • 78 % of the electricity is produced by nuclear plant • Reduction of his annual emission of 31 millions tons of CO2 • First woods of Europe • Very good wind deposit • Good capacity of solar energy • France is the first producer of renewable energy of the European Union (20 % of the European production)

  9. Adoption of “Plan Climat” in 2004 • Sensitization campaign • Change drivers behaviour and privilege clean transport • Promote buildings more energy efficient and more ecological • Develop renewable energy • Improve the agriculture • Rethink the utilisation of the air-conditioners • Promote research for the future

  10. December 2002, creation by the EU of a system of emissions trading • Introduction of quotas in six key industries: • Energy • Steel • Cement • Glass • Brick making • Paper • Fines for member nations that fail to meet their obligations (€40/ton of carbon)

  11. Wind energy

  12. Hydroelectric energy

  13. Solar energy

  14. Geothermal energy

  15. Nuclear energy

  16. Natural carbon dioxide sink • Vegetation • Ocean • Means to enhance the natural sequestration • Vegetation • Ocean • Soil • Artificial sequestration • Oceans • Geological sequestration

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