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Unit 1 Seeds of Change

Unit 1 Seeds of Change. Ideas About Government Scientific Revolution Enlightenment Ideas Geography/Maps World Religions. Preamble to the U.S. Constitution

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Unit 1 Seeds of Change

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  1. Unit 1Seeds of Change Ideas About Government Scientific Revolution Enlightenment Ideas Geography/Maps World Religions

  2. Preamble to the U.S. Constitution “We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.” In your words – 5 purposes of government that are discussed in the Preamble QoD - What is the Purpose of Government?

  3. What is the Purpose of Government? Ancient Greeks: “To improve the lives of citizens” Government is necessary to the existence of a civilized society DEFINITION “The political direction and control exercised over the members of society”

  4. Monarchies most powerful • (Autocratic Rule) • Great divide between the “haves” and “have-nots” • Very little chance for people to change this • What does science have to do with this change? European Government Through the 1700’s

  5. Scientific Revolution • A new way of looking at the natural world, based on observation and a willingness to QUESTION accepted beliefs • THE CHURCH • Loses much power • WHY???

  6. Scientific Method • A new, logical approach to collecting and analyzing data 1. Question 2.Hypothesis 3. Test 4.Analysis • Heliocentric vs Geocentric Theories Geocentric Heliocentric

  7. Identify the Scientific Method

  8. As a result of the Scientific Revolution, People begin to question….. EVERYTHING! Even Their Governments!!

  9. What do you believe is the greatest technological advancement (invention) of the last 50 year? Why? Question of the Day

  10. What is the relationship between science, the Church, and government? The Trial of Galileo

  11. The Age of Reason • Philosophers apply reason and scientific approach to all other areas of life • “Enlightened Thinkers” • The Philosophes • Enlightened Despots • The Enlightenment J.J. Rousseau

  12. Have your civil rights and freedoms OR Have Security and protection? Can your government EFFECTIVELY provide both? “Those that desire to give up freedom in order to gain security will not have, nor do they deserve, either one.” Benjamin Franklin QoD - WOULD YOU RATHER…

  13. Differing Views of Government:The “Philosophes”Political thinkers who developed their own ideas about the purpose of government • Aristotle • NicoloMachiavelli • Thomas Hobbes • John Locke • Rene Descartes • Jean-Jacques Rousseau • Baron Montesquieu • James Madison • Mary Wollstonecraft • Voltaire

  14. Quick bio – Born, Died, education, etc • Famous work of literature • Philosophic Ideas • Beliefs about Government • Quote that summarizes ideas • Ideas today • U.S. Constitution? Declaration of Independence? • U.S. Society/Beliefs • Other countries? The Philosophes Analysis and Chart

  15. Aristotle • Politics • Politics is an organism, NOT a machine • Gives people the opportunity for a good life • Community is most important • Man is governed by Natural Laws • Ethics and morality • “Man is by nature a political animal, it is his nature to live in a state”

  16. The Prince • About leaders (“Princes”) he saw in his travels • A “guidebook” for rulers • Shrewd Manipulative • Selfish • Princes are NOT concerned with what is morally right, but in maintaining their own power Nicolo Machiavelli “The ends justify the means”

  17. Thomas Hobbes • Leviathan • People are born evil and selfish, so…. • People need a strong gov’t (Monarch) • People give up rights for protection by the government • Social Contract THEORY

  18. John Locke • Two Treatises on Gov’t • People are born w/ Three Natural Rights • Life • Liberty • Property • Government should protect these rights • IF NOT, the people may overthrow the government

  19. Rene Descartes Discourse on the Method • Based his ideas on Science • People must change their old ideas • Doubt everything until proven • “I think, therefore I am”

  20. Jean-Jacques Rousseau • The Social Contract • Agreed w/ Locke • People should govern themselves, but most governments prohibit it • “Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains”

  21. Baron Montesquieu • On the Spirit of Laws • Checks and balances • Separation of powers • “Power should be a check to power”

  22. James Madison • Bill of Rights • U.S. Constitution • Father of the Constitution • Representative government • Designed the Federal System • “Liberty may be endangered by the abuse of liberty, but also by the abuse of power”

  23. Mary Wollstonecraft • A Vindication of the Rights of Woman • Equal rights for women – better education needed • A society based on reason and logic • “Strengthen the female mind by enlarging it, and there will be an end to blind obedience.” • Side note: • Daughter is Mary Shelley (Frankenstein)

  24. Voltaire • Candide • Realistic portrayal • Attacked the Catholic Church • Freedom of: • Religion • Expression • Separation of Church and State • “I do not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it”

  25. Enlightenment Ideas • Liberty • Equality • Natural Rights • Logic and reason • There is Revolution on people’s minds • ACHANGE is gonna come • No monarchy is safe

  26. If you were a “Prince”, would you rather be loved or feared? • Consider • Your president • Your boss • Your teacher • Your coach • Your parents “The Prince”

  27. Write five paragraphs for one of the following prompts 1. Explain the relationship between the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Ideas, and how each led to changes in government THINK ABOUT • Life prior to the Scientific Revolution and the Age of Reason 2. Choose TWO of the Philosophes discussed in class (NOT INCLUDING YOURS!) and explain his/her… • Beliefs about government, including any important theories • Famous piece of literature • Where his/her ideas could be seen today • THINK ABOUT • The class discussion concerning the purpose of government 3. If you were a “Prince”, would you rather be loved or feared? • Consider • Your president; Your boss; Your teachers/coach; Your parents THINK ABOUT • Which would better allow you to be an effective leader AND to maintain your power? • Machiavelli said a leader should be ______ more than __________! 4. Explain what Benjamin Franklin meant with the following quote: “Those that desire to give up freedom in order to gain security will not have, nor do they deserve, either one.” THINK ABOUT Social Contract; Revolutions; Rights and Freedoms; Gun control battle

  28. a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of life and the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a supernatural agency, or human beings’ relation to that which they regard as holy, sacred, spiritual, or divine. Many religions have narratives, symbols, traditions and sacred histories that are intended to give meaning to life. They tend to derive morality, ethics, religious laws or a preferred lifestyle from their ideas about the cosmos and human nature. • WHAT?!?!? Put it in your own words… create your own definition of religion Definition of Religion (according to Wikipedia!)

  29. France • Egypt • Vietnam • Cuba • India • Israel • Rwanda • North Korea • Colombia • Afghanistan 11. Berlin 12. Washington DC 13. Hiroshima 14. Warsaw 15. Baghdad 16. Sahara Desert 17. Suez Canal 18. Himalayan Mountains 19. Mediterranean Sea 20. Cape of Good Hope XTRA CREDIT CB South AND THE YEAR IT OPENS Geography Quiz

  30. Question of the DayWhat is the Purpose of Religion?

  31. World Religions Research Project

  32. How does WHERE you live effect HOW you live? QoD

  33. 59 63 56 64 60 57 58 65 61 62

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