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Reconstruction and Its Effects

CHAPTER. Reconstruction and Its Effects. 12. Overview. Time Lines. 1. The Politics of Reconstruction. SECTION. 2. Reconstructing Society. SECTION. 3. The Collapse of Reconstruction. SECTION. Chapter Assessment. Transparencies. THEMES IN CHAPTER 12. Constitutional Concerns.

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Reconstruction and Its Effects

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  1. CHAPTER Reconstruction and Its Effects 12 Overview Time Lines 1 The Politics of Reconstruction SECTION 2 Reconstructing Society SECTION 3 The Collapse of Reconstruction SECTION Chapter Assessment Transparencies

  2. THEMES IN CHAPTER 12 Constitutional Concerns Civil Rights Expanding Democracy Cultural Diversity CHAPTER Reconstruction and Its Effects 12 HOME “Nothing in all history [equaled] this wonderful, quiet, sudden transformation of four millions of human beings from . . . the auction-block to the ballot-box.” William Lloyd Garrison, abolitionist

  3. What do you know? • What does the word reconstruction mean to you? Read the quote above and answer the following: • Who were the four million that Garrison was talking about? • What does his opposition of auction-block and ballot-box refer to? CHAPTER Reconstruction and Its Effects 12 HOME “Nothing in all history [equaled] this wonderful, quiet, sudden transformation of four millions of human beings from . . . the auction-block to the ballot-box.” William Lloyd Garrison, abolitionist

  4. 1865Thirteenth Amendment is ratified. 1867U.S. buys Alaska from Russia. Former Confederate states are divided into military districts. 1868President Johnson is impeached. Fourteenth Amendment is ratified. 1870Fifteenth Amendment is ratified. 1871U.S. and Great Britain sign Treaty of Washington. 1875 Specie Resumption Act is passed. 1873 Financial panic results in economic depression. 1877Federal troops withdraw from the South, ending Reconstruction. CHAPTER Time Line 12 HOME The United States

  5. 1866Austro-Prussian War ends. 1867Emperor Maximillian is executed in Mexico. 1869Mohandas K. Gandhi is born in India. 1870Unification of Italy is completed. 1871Germany becomes unified under Kaiser Wilhem I. 1874British declare Gold Coast of Africa a colony. 1876Japan forces Korea to open ports to trade. CHAPTER Time Line 12 HOME The World

  6. Learn About presidential and congressional Reconstruction policies from 1865 to 1870. To Understand how political leaders set out to rebuild the nation after the Civil War. SECTION 1 The Politics of Reconstruction HOME

  7. SECTION 1 The Politics of Reconstruction HOME Key Idea Presidents Lincoln and Johnson face congressional opposition to their Reconstruction plans. Congress wins control, and Radical Reconstruction begins.

  8. Lincoln’sTen-PercentPlan FifteenthAmendment Wade-DavisBill Attempts tocontinue and enlargethe Freedman’s Bureau Impeachment of Johnson Reconstruction Act of 1867 Civil Rights Actof 1866 FourteenthAmendment SECTION 1 The Politics of Reconstruction HOME 1 Section Assessment SYNTHESIZING What are some events, plans, or legislation that attempted to enact Reconstruction? Reconstructionattempts

  9. HYPOTHESIZING Describe how Reconstruction might have been different if Abraham Lincoln had lived. THINK ABOUT • Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction • Lincoln’s relationship with Radical Republicans • Lincoln’s ability to negotiate SECTION 1 The Politics of Reconstruction HOME 1 Section Assessment

  10. MAKING DECISIONS Were the Radical Republicans justified in impeaching President Johnson? THINK ABOUT • the controversy over Reconstruction policies • the meaning of the Tenure of Office Act • Johnson’s vetoes SECTION 1 The Politics of Reconstruction HOME 1 Section Assessment

  11. Learn About the political, social, and economic changes that took place in the South following the Civil War. To Understand the roles that various groups played in the rebuilding of Southern society. SECTION 2 Reconstructing Society HOME

  12. SECTION 2 Reconstructing Society HOME Key Idea The South must rebuild its ravaged economy in the aftermath of war. African Americans begin to exercise freedoms denied to them during their enslavement.

  13. PROBLEM ATTEMPTED SOLUTION Physical devastation Public works programs Former slaves separated from their families Search for family members Lack of education New schools established Lack of land Southern Homestead Act Labor shortage Sharecropping or tenant farming SECTION 2 Reconstructing Society HOME 2 Section Assessment SUMMARIZING What were some of the problems facing the South after the Civil War and the attempted solutions?

  14. GENERALIZING How did the Civil War weaken the Southern economy? THINK ABOUT • the devastation of the war • economic conditions • changes in agriculture SECTION 2 Reconstructing Society HOME 2 Section Assessment

  15. INTERPRETING Which accomplishment of African Americans during Reconstruction do you consider most significant? THINK ABOUT • the development of a free African-American community • the lingering effects of slavery • opportunities for leadership SECTION 2 Reconstructing Society HOME 2 Section Assessment

  16. Learn About the political, economic, and social problems that plagued the nation from 1873 to 1877. To Understand why Reconstruction ultimately collapsed. SECTION 3 The Collapse of Reconstruction HOME

  17. SECTION 3 The Collapse of Reconstruction HOME Key Idea Continued opposition to Radical Reconstruction in the South and economic problems in the North bring the Reconstruction process to an end.

  18. 1872Crédit Mobilier. 1876Hayes elected president. 1872 Amnesty Act passed. 1866Ku Klux Klan founded. 1873Supreme Court issued Slaughterhouse rulings. 1870–1871Enforcement Acts passed. 18731873 Panic. SECTION 3 The Collapse of Reconstruction HOME 3 Section Assessment SUMMARIZING What were some of the major events that led to the collapse of Reconstruction?

  19. ANALYZING Would the Republican Party have remained strong in the South if Congress had not passed the Amnesty Act? THINK ABOUT • the Republican commitment to Reconstruction • the goals of the Ku Klux Klan • the political and economic crises facing the nation SECTION 3 The Collapse of Reconstruction HOME 3 Section Assessment

  20. EVALUATING Was the political deal to settle the election of 1876 an appropriate solution? Why or why not? THINK ABOUT • the causes of the conflict over the election • other possible solutions to the controversy • the impact of the settlement SECTION 3 The Collapse of Reconstruction HOME 3 Section Assessment

  21. 12 Chapter Assessment HOME 1. How did Andrew Johnson’s plan to reconstruct the Confederate states differ from Lincoln’s? 2. How did the Civil Rights Act of 1866 become law? 3. Why did the Radicals want to impeach Andrew Johnson? 4. What factor played a significant role in the 1868 presidential election? 5. What three groups made up the Republican party in the South during Reconstruction?

  22. 12 Chapter Assessment HOME 6. In what ways did emancipated slaves exercise their freedom? 7. How did white landowners in the South reassert their economic power in the decade following the Civil War? 8. How did Southern whites regain political power during Reconstruction? 9. What economic and political developments weakened the Republican party during Grant’s second term? 10. What significance did the victory by Rutherford B. Hayes in the 1876 presidential race have for Reconstruction?

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