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Understanding Data Types and Databases in Information Technology

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This informative guide by Muhammad Umair Khan from class 9B5 explores various data types fundamental to information and communication technology. It explains six distinct data types, including text, alphanumeric, numeric, date/time, currency, and boolean/logical data. The guide further elaborates on key concepts such as logical operators, primary keys, foreign keys, databases, and data validation techniques. Perfect for students keen on grasping the essential elements of data management, this resource is a solid foundation for further learning in ICT.

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Understanding Data Types and Databases in Information Technology

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  1. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ! DATA TYPES … BY: MUHAMMAD UMAIR KHAN, 9B5

  2. WHAT IS DATA ? WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATA ? • RAW FACTS AND FIGURES FOR MANIPULATION ARE KNOWN AS DATA. • AS EACH DATA HAS A DATA TYPE, THERE ARE SIX TYPES OF DATA – • TEXT-IT ONLY CONTAINS DATA THAT IS TYPED IN ALPHABETS. • ALPHANUMERIC-IT CONTAINS DATA THAT IS TYPED IN BOTH ALPHABETS AND NUMBERS. • NUMERIC-IT ONLY CONTAINS DATA THAT IS TYPED IN NUMBERS WHICHIS OF TWO TYPES- 1) INTEGER. 2) REAL. • DATE/TIME-IT CONTAINS OF DIFFERENT FORMATS. E.g.-DD/MM/YY. • CURRENCY-IT CONTAINS DATA WITH CURRENCY SYMBOLS. E.g.- £ • BOOLEAN/LOGICAL-IT CAN HAVE TWO OPTIONS. E.g.-TRUE OR FALSE , YES OR NO.

  3. WHAT ARE THE THREE LOGICAL OPERATORS AND WHAT IS KEY FIELD/PRIMARY KEY ? • THE THREE LOGICAL OPERATORS ARE -OR, AND, NOT. • KEY FIELD/PRIMARY KEY – IT CONTAINS UNIQUE DATA ITEM FOR e.g.– ID NO. IT IS USED TO LOCATE A RECORD IN A FILE DURING A SEARCH OPERATION AND TO CREATE RELATIONSHIPS.

  4. WHAT IS A DATABASE ? • A DATABASE IS AN ORGANISED COLLECTION OF INFORMATION TO ALLOW MANIPULATION AND SEARCHING OF DATA. • FLAT-FILE DATABASE-IT IS A DATABASE THAT ONLY CONTAINS A SINGLE TABLE OF DATA. • RELATIONAL DATABASE- IT CONTAINS TWO OR MORE TABLES OF DATA CONNECTED BY LINKS CALLED RELATIONSHIPS.

  5. WHAT IS FOREIGN KEY ? • IT IS ONE OF THE FIELDS THAT RELATE WITH ANOTHER FIELD AND ACTS AS A PRIMARY KEY IN THE OTHER TABLE OR IT RELATES TABLES IN A DATABASE TO ONE ANOTHER AND ACTS AS A PRIMARY KEY IN THE OTHER TABLE.

  6. DATA VALIDATION AND VERIFICATION. • DATA VALIDATION- CHECKING WHETHER THE DATA IS SENSIBLE (VALID) OR NOT. • PRESENCE CHECK. • RANGE CHECK. • LENGTH CHECK. • TYPE CHECK. • FORMAT CHECK. • DATA VERIFICATION – • PROOF READING- A PERSON COMPARES AND CHECKS IF THERE ARE ANY DIFFERENCES IN THE DOCUMENT THAT IS PRINTED FROM THE ORIGINAL COPY AND CORRECTS IT. • DOUBLE-ENTRY- DATA ENTERED TWICE INTO THE SYSTEM (PREFERABLY BY TWO DIFFERENT PEOPLE) AND VERIFIED BY COMPARING.

  7. THANK YOU!

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