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Chapter 2 Anatomy of Respiration

Chapter 2 Anatomy of Respiration. Perry C. Hanavan, AuD. Vertebral Column. Vertebrae (video) Vertebral column Vertebrae Cervical Atlas and Axis Thoracic 12 pair of ribs articulate Lumbar Sacral Coccyx. Vertebra. Question.

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Chapter 2 Anatomy of Respiration

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  1. Chapter 2Anatomy of Respiration Perry C. Hanavan, AuD

  2. Vertebral Column • Vertebrae (video) • Vertebral column • Vertebrae • Cervical • Atlas and Axis • Thoracic • 12 pair of ribs articulate • Lumbar • Sacral • Coccyx

  3. Vertebra

  4. Question Which of the following best describes curvature of the spine away from the midline or sideways? • Kyphosis • Lordosis • Scoliosis • None of the above

  5. Vertebral Disorders Kyphosis Lordosis Scoliosis

  6. Vertebral Disorders

  7. Disc Problems

  8. Vertebral Disorders

  9. Question How many ribs do humans normally have? • 12 • 24 • 16 • Varies from human to human • Adam is missing one

  10. Ribs • Bony thorax (anterior view) • Bony thorax (posterior view) • 12 pair of ribs: • True Ribs – ribs 1-7; these are attached directly to the sternum through their own costal cartilages. • False Ribs – ribs 8-10; their costal cartilages are joined to the rib just above them so their attachment to the sternum is indirect • Floating Ribs – ribs 11-12; these ribs attach to vertebrae, but not to the sternum so they float on one end

  11. Rib Cage During Respiration • Dr. Michael Parker Demo • Dr. Michael Parker Demo2 • Dr. Michael Parker Demo3 • Rib

  12. Question Term that means breastbone? • Corpus • Xiphoid • Sternum • Clavicle

  13. Sternum • Sternum (breastbone) • Manubrium - handle • Corpus - body • Xiphoid - sword • Rib and clavicular articulations

  14. Scapula • Scapula – shoulder blade

  15. Clavicle • Clavicle – collar bone

  16. Pelvis • Pelvic girdle - basin

  17. Question If a person where to aspirate an object, it is most likely to fall into this lung: • Right • Left • Depends on age of person • Equal odds falling into either

  18. Lungs • Lungs • 2 lungs • Right – 3 lobes • Left – 2 lobes • Mediastinum • Cardiac notch

  19. Question Two terms mean windpipe…one Latin and the other Greek (select 2 answers) • Trachea • Bronchi • Alveoloi • Larynx • Pharynx

  20. Lungs

  21. Bronchial Passageway • Trachea • Bronchi • Secondary bronchi • Tertiary bronchi • Alveoli

  22. Trachea and Bronchi • Trachea – • Bronchi – • Alveoli -- O2 and Co2 are exchanged at the alveoli. There are about 300 million alveoli which are encapsulated in capillaries. The surface of the alveolus is composed of a thin layer of squamous epithelial cells with cuboidal cellsinterspersed among them.

  23. Pleural Linings • Thoracic linings – parietal pleurae • Mediastinal pleura • Pericardial • Diaphragmatic • Costal • Apical • Visceral

  24. Muscles of Inspiration • Diaphragm • External intercostal • Internal intercostal • Levator costarum • Serratus posterior superior • Sternocleidomastoid • Scalenus • Trapezius • Pectoralis major • Pectoralis minor • Serratus anterior • Subclavius • Levator scapulae • Rhomboideus major • Rhomboideus minor

  25. Diaphragm • Dome shaped muscle innervated by two phrenic nerves. • When diaphragm contracts during normal breathing, the dome descends l-2 cm and as much as l0 cm during deep inspiration.

  26. Intercostals

  27. Intercostals

  28. Neck Muscles

  29. Neck Inspiratory Muscles

  30. Anterior • Pectoralis • Serratus anterior • Subclavius

  31. Anterior Inspiratory Muscles

  32. Posterior Muscles • Levatores costarum • Serratus posterior superior • Levator scapulae • Rhomboideus • Latissimus dorsi

  33. Posterior Inspiratory Muscles

  34. Posterior Muscles of Inspiration

  35. Muscles of Expiration • Internal intercostal • Transversus thoracis • Subcostal • Serratus posterior inferior • Innermost intercostal • Latissimus dorsi • Internal oblique abdominis • External oblique abdominis • Rectus abdominis • Quadratus lumborum

  36. Anterior Expiratory Muscles

  37. Anterior Expiratory Muscles

  38. End Chapter 2 Study

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