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CS101: Introduction to Computing

CS101: Introduction to Computing. Fall 2009. Instructors: Badre Munir, Usman Adeel, Zahid Irfan & Maria Riaz Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology. General Course Description. The Student will be familiarized with:

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CS101: Introduction to Computing

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  1. CS101: Introduction to Computing Fall 2009 Instructors: Badre Munir, Usman Adeel, Zahid Irfan & Maria Riaz Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology

  2. General Course Description • The Student will be familiarized with: • History, Present and Future of Computing. • Introduction to Computing Hardware • Introduction to Computing Software • Introduction to Programming Computers • Detailed course contents will be uploaded on the course website

  3. Course Information • Instructors • Mr. Badre Munir, G-15, FCSE, badr@giki.ed.pk • Mr. Usman Adeel, G-13, FCSE, usman@giki.edu.pk • Mr. Zahid Irfan, G-12, FCSE, zahid@giki.edu.pk • Maria Riaz, G-14, FCSE, maria@giki.edu.pk • Course Timings • Two Lectures per week • One lab per week (Three Hours) • Office Hours to be announced

  4. Text Books • C How to Program, Fourth/Fifth Edition, Deitel & Deitel • Basic Computing Using Windows • http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Basic_Computing_Using_Windows

  5. Course Grading • Quizzes 15% • Assignments 10% • Mid Term Examination 25% • Final Examination 50%

  6. Academic Honesty Policy • Individual Work is emphasized • Quizzes • Assignments • Should be your own work and if you got it from somewhere please cite the relevant source. • Consult Course Instructor, Course TA and Text Book • Examination • Penalty as per university rules

  7. Computers Today

  8. A Tool for Communication Social Networking Searching e-mail Blog Chat Content Sharing

  9. A Tool for Entertainment Multimedia Games

  10. Computer Revolution ! Mars Rover Flight Simulator Wearable Computer Google Servers

  11. Computer • We know how to use a computer • We have an idea where it stands today • YOU have to contribute towards its future ! • Now let’s look at what it is and the modest beginnings from where it evolved !

  12. History of Computer

  13. What is a Computer (-1-) • A computer is a machine that • inputs (takes in) facts and information (known as data*) • then processes (does something to or with) it • can also store data • afterwards it outputs, or displays, the results for you to see • * Data is all kinds of information, including, pictures, letters, numbers, and sounds

  14. What is a Computer (-2-)

  15. What is a Computer (-3-) • The defining feature of modern computers which distinguishes them from all other machines is that they can be programmed • a list of instructions (the program) can be given to the computer e.g., • add one number to another • move some data from one location to another • send a message to some external device, etc • it will store them (in memory) • and carry them out (execute) some time in future • Usually in the same order in which the instructions were given

  16. History of Computer (-1-) • The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613 • referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations ! • The word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century • before modern electronic computers were developed

  17. History of Computer (-2-) • The history of the modern computer begins with two separate technologies • Automated Calculation • Programmability • Early computers were mechanical calculating devices such as • Abacus, 3000 B.C • Slide rule, 1620-1630 A.D

  18. History of Computer (-3-) Chinese Abacus: for performing arithmetic processes

  19. History of Computer (-4-) Slide Rule: for performing multiplication, division, computing roots, logarithms, trigonometric functions

  20. History of Computer (-5-) • ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer - was the first general-purpose electronic computer developed around 1946 • operated at 5 kIPS [thousand instructions per second] • Today's desktops can perform 10000+ MIPS • weighed 30 tons • size was roughly 8.5 x 3 x 80 feet • contained around 5 million hand-soldered joints • consumed 150 kW of power; enough to dim the lights of Philadelphia when it was run! • Input was given from an IBM card reader • An IBM card punch was used for output

  21. History of Computer (-6-) Working on, rather ‘inside’ , ENIAC

  22. History of Computer (-7-) IBM Punch Card: Programs and data were punched by hand or a key-punch-machine and read into a card reader

  23. The future of computers predicted in the past • I think there is a world market for maybe five computers. -- Thomas Watson, chairman of IBM, 1943  • Computers in the future may weigh no more than 1.5 tons.  -- Popular Mechanics, 1949  • There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home.   --Ken Olson, CEO, Digital Equipment Corp., 1977 

  24. Components of a Computer

  25. Parts of a Computer • There are two main parts of computers, hardware and software • Hardware is all of the parts of the computer you can see and touch. E.g., • Monitor, Keyboard, Processor, Memory, Circuits, Cables etc • Softwarerefers to parts of the computer which do not have a material form. E.g., • Data, Programs, Protocols etc

  26. Computer :An External Look • Casing [with components inside] • Next slide • Monitor • Lets the user see how the computer is responding to their command • Keyboard • For entering text commands • Mouse • Point-and-Click interface for interacting with graphical environment

  27. Computer:Internal Components (-1-) • Inside the casing, we have a built-in power supply along with: • Motherboard • It is the central printed circuit board (PCB) where the core components of your computer reside • provides slots to host microprocessor, memory, driver controllers, graphics card, modem, network card etc • also provides electrical connections by which these hosted components communicate • Hard Disk Drive • Permanent storage for data and programs. Also, normally, your operating system is installed here. • CD-ROM / DVD Player

  28. Computer:Internal Components (-2-) Power Supply

  29. Computer: Internal Components (-3-) Motherboard: Connectors & Ports

  30. Computer:Internal Components (-3-) PCI Slot [sound, network, modem] AGP Slot [Graphics] IDE / ATA Connector [hard disk, CD-ROM] DRAM Memory Slot Slot for Microprocessor Power Connector Motherboard: Sockets & Slots

  31. Computer:Internal Components (-4-) Microprocessor Graphics Card

  32. Computer:Internal Components (-5-) RAM Network Card

  33. Computer:Internal Components (-6-) DVD RW Hard Disk Drive

  34. Computer:Peripherals • A peripheral device is an equipment that might be added to a computer system to enhance its functionality • Printer • Digital camera • Scanner • Projector • Joystick • Graphics tablet

  35. Next Time • Hardware & Software Concepts

  36. References • http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Basic_Computing_Using_Windows • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer • http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/farid/teaching/cs4/summer.08/notes/historyofcomputing/ • http://ftp.arl.mil/~mike/comphist/eniac-story.html • http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/BRL-e-h.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motherboard

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