Understanding Nutrients and Feed Classes: A Guide to Feed Components

1. Feeds and Feed Label Ms. Wellborn

2. Objectives: • Identify sources of nutrients and classes of feed. • Identify vitamins, minerals, and feed additives.

3. A Little Review • Can anyone tell me what we talked about yesterday? • Can anyone remember and name the 6 essential nutrients? • Can someone tell me what palatability means? • Can someone tell me the two- types of vitamins there are?

4. Basic Nutrients and Their Function • Regulatory • Water • Minerals • Proteins • Vitamins • Structural • Minerals • Proteins • Fats • Energy • Protein • Fats • Carbohydrates

5. Water • Cheapest and most abundant nutrient • Most important • Functions: • Regulates body temp. • Nutrient/waste transportation • Aids in digestion/absorption • Regulate ionic concentrations

6. Carbohydrates • Occurance: • Plants 60-80% • Cell content- sugar and starch • Cell wall- cellulose and hemicellulose • Different classifications • Can anyone name some classifications of carbohydrates? • Functions: • Energy • Heat • Building Blocks • Fat Disposition

7. Fats (Lipids) • Contain 2.25x more than carbohydrates • Functions: • Dietary energy supply • Source of heat, insulation, and protection for the body • Sources of essential fatty acids • Serve as a carrier for absorption of fat- soluble vitamins • Classification: • Simple • Compound • Derived

8. Protein • Principal component of organs and soft structures in the body • Digestible protein- portion of crude protein which the animal digests • Crude protein- composed of true protein and any other nitrogenous product • Functions: • Structural- collagen, elastin, blood proteins • Body metabolism- enzymes, hormones, immune antibodies • Distinct functions- defense mechanism, hooves, cell membranes

9. Minerals • Natural Sources • Forage plants • Grains • Macro Minerals normally preset at greater levels in the body or needed in relatively large amounts in the diet Ca, P, Na, Cl, Mg, K, S • Micro • Normally present at love levels in the body or needed in very small amounts in the diet • Co, Cu, F, I, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se, Zn • Functions: • Structural and skeletal development • Function in protein synthesis • Oxygen transport • Fluid balance • Regulating acid-base balance • Activation of many enzyme systems

10. Vitamins • Fat soluble- A, D, E, K • Water soluble- thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, biotin, choline, folic acid, B12 • Functions: • Regulators of metabolism • Growth and maintenance of life • Antibody synthesis • Requirements increase with age

11. Now • Take a minute to look at the feeds in front of you • Fill out the worksheet to the best of your ability. • What are the feed additives added to the feeds in front of you? • What do you think those additives are used for?

12. Objectives • Identify sources of nutrients and classes of feed. • What sources of nutrients and classes of feed did we look at today? • Identify vitamins, minerals, and feed additives. • What kind of vitamins, minerals, and additives did we find in the feeds we looked at?