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The United Nations

The United Nations. What is the United Nations?. An International Organization Facilitates cooperation in: International Law International Security Economic Development Social Progress Human Rights World Peace. Quick Facts:. Founded October 24 th , 1945 Replaced League of Nations

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The United Nations

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  1. The United Nations

  2. What is the United Nations? • An International Organization • Facilitates cooperation in: • International Law • International Security • Economic Development • Social Progress • Human Rights • World Peace

  3. Quick Facts: • FoundedOctober 24th, 1945 • Replaced League of Nations • Currently has 193 Member States • Excluding the Vatican City

  4. 6 Organs of the UN • The General Assembly • The Security Council • The Economic and Social Council • The Secretariat • The International Court of Justice • The UN Trusteeship Council

  5. The General Assembly • Main deliberative body for the UN • All nations participate • Have one vote each • Meets annually; all members address the assembly • Approves Budgetary Matters • Makes recommendations on matters within the scope of the UN (excluding matters for the UNSC)

  6. General Assembly Committees • 1st Committee: Disarmament and International Security (DISEC) • 2nd Committee: Economic and Financial (ECOFIN) • 3rd Committee: Social, Cultural, and Humanitarian (SOCHUM) • 4th Committee: Special Political and Decolonization (SPECPOL) • 5th Committee: Administrative and Budgetary • 6th Committee: Legal Committee

  7. The Security Council • 15 Members • 5 Permanent (US, UK, France, Russia, China) • 10 Non-permanent Members (2 year terms) • Veto Power • Presidency of SC rotates each month • Charged with maintaining peace and security • Has power to make “binding decisions”

  8. The UN Secretariat • Headed by the Secretary-General • Current Sec-Gen is _________? • Provides studies, info, and facilities needed by UN bodies for meetings • Completes tasks as directed by other UN bodies

  9. Secretary-General • Can set UNSC agenda • “Chief Administrative Officer” • Currently acts as a diplomat and mediator addressing disputes between states • Appointed by the GA • 5 year terms

  10. Secretary-Generals Trygve Lie, Dag Hammarskjold, U Thant, Kurt Waldheim, Javier Perez de Cuellar, Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Kofi Annan, and Ban Ki-Moon.

  11. International Court of Justice • Located in The Hague, Netherlands • Primary Judicial Organ of UN • Founded in 1945 • Hears disputes among states • NOT the ICC – tries people who commit war crimes • Independent of the UN

  12. Economic and Social Council • Promotes economic and social cooperation • 54 members • 3 year terms • Elected by the GA • Gathers info, advises member nations, makes recommendations • Coordinates the overlapping functions of UN bodies

  13. Some Notable Specialized Agencies of the UN • IAEA: International Atomic Energy Agency • IMF: International Monetary Fund • UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization • WHO: World Health Organization • WFP: World Food Program

  14. Peacekeeping Security • Military forces of the UN • Only deployed after UNSC approval • Used to Maintain Peace • More than 60 operations since Cold War • 90,000 peacekeepers deployed • Operations in Rwanda, Yugoslavia, Sierra Leone, Haiti, Mozambique, and more… • Supposed to be “neutral”

  15. Funding for the UN • Members Pay Dues • Top 10 donators to the UN budget, 2011 United States 22.000% Japan 12.530% Germany 8.018% United Kingdom 6.604% France 6.123% Italy 4.999% Canada 3.207% China 3.189% Spain 3.177% Mexico 2.356% Other member states 27.797%

  16. The Role of the UN Today • Promoting Peace and Security • Forum for Dialogue • Is it Effective?

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