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Health and Wellness. Before the 1900’s what was the leading cause of death? INFECTIOUS DISEASES Why?
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Health and Wellness
Before the 1900’s what was the leading cause of death? INFECTIOUS DISEASES Why? People lived their life until something went wrong and then they would go see a doctor to get it fixed. The problem with this is that it may not be able to be fixed. There was not much focus on prevention.
Infectious Diseases are diseases that are spread through pathogens. Pathogensare agents that invade the body and cause you to be sick. The 2 most common pathogens are Bacteria and Viruses What is the difference between Bacteria and Viruses?
Viruses are tiny pathogens that survive and replicate only inside living cells. They cannot be killed with antibiotics. Any medication taken is treating the symptoms. The virus has to run its course. Bacteria are single celled organisms that can be treated with medication. Antibiotics can slow or kill the growth of the bacteria if taken completely.
Infectious Diseases are spread 4 ways: • Person to person • Food and water • Environment • Animals
Stages of Diseases 1. Infection 2. Incubation Pathogen Multiplies Relapse May Occur 3. Prodromal (Symptoms) 4. Illness When a pathogen enters the body, it goes through certain stages before your body gets rid of it. 5. Recovery/ Death
How does our body fight off infections? The first line of defense against pathogens is our SKIN (this includes mucous membranes).
What is inflammation and how does it help fight infection? • Inflammationis a response that shows that the body is attacking pathogens. • Inflammation is the 2nd line of defense against disease. • Inflammation is a reaction to injury or infection that is characterized by pain, redness, and swelling.
If a pathogen gets past the physical barriers, what is the last line of defense against infections? Immune System The white blood cells produce antibodies that travel through the lymphatic system to fight the pathogens.
Stages of the Immune System Recognition As the pathogen is going through its stages, the immune system is also going through stages to get rid of it. Mobilization Immunity Disposal
Some infectious diseases can be prevented by Immunizations • An immunization (vaccine) is a shot used to help prevent contracting a specific disease. • A small amount of the pathogen is put in the body so the immune system can develop antibodies, so if exposed to the same pathogen, you can fight it off without getting it.
Laws about Immunization… • The Texas Department of Health has ruled that students must be current with immunizations in order to attend school unless an exemption has been filed with the school. • Reason for Exemptions: • Medical • Unless it is written in the statement that a lifelong condition exists, the exemption statement is valid for only one year from the date signed by the physician. • Religious • Too soon after another immunization • Immune due to having had the disease • Vaccine Shortage
What are some other things you can do to help prevent yourself from getting sick?
Eat right • Get enough sleep • Exercise • Do not smoke • Get regular check • ups • Practice good hygiene • Reduce stress • Drink water • Get vaccines • Avoid sick people
So if Infectious Diseases used to be the leading cause of death in the 1900’s… …what do you think is the leading cause of death today?
LIFESTYLE DISEASES Why? While we take more preventative measures against getting sick, we make poorer lifestyle choices that affect our health.
Lifestyle Diseases got their name because they are greatly influenced by the choices we make like smoking, bad eating habits, lack of exercise, not getting enough sleep etc… These are called CONTROLLABLE FACTORS because we have control over these choices. We can change them if we want.
While our lifestyle choices have a great influence on us getting certain diseases, there are also some factors that can contribute. However, we do have not have any control over these factors. These are called UNCONTROLLABLE FACTORS
What are 4 things about yourself that you can not change that can influence you getting certain diseases? Age Race Gender heredity
Soooooo… knowing our lifestyle choices have a big influence on our health, what do you think is the leading cause of death among teenagers?
#1 Motor Vehicle Accidents MAKE UP 67% OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19 (out of all unintentional injuries 42%) In 2009, more than 3,000 teens in the US aged 15–19 were killed and more than 350,000 were treated in emergency departments for injuries suffered in motor vehicle crashes.1,2
Factors that often lead to car crashes are SPEEDING, AGGRESSIVENESS & IMPAIRED DRIVING But the factor that contributes most often to automobile accidents is… Driver Behavior
What do you think are some of the most common driver behaviors that lead to crashes?
One of the biggest growing problems is Texting and Driving
What are some things you can do to help avoid being in an accident? • Don’t drive under the influence. • Avoid driving while tired. • Leave room between you and the car in front of you, especially if the weather is bad. • Drive the speed limit. • Wear your seat belt. • Be courteous to other drivers. • Be aware of road conditions.
With automobile accidents being the leading cause of death among teenagers, it brings up the subject of organ donation. What are your thoughts about organ donation?
Organ Donation • One Donor Can: • Save the lives of8people • Enhance the lives of more than 50 people • Fast Facts: • More than 110,000 people are waiting for a transplant • More than 10,000 of those people are from Texas • Every 10 minutes a new name is added to the waiting list
Donating Organs: • When you get your driver’s license, you have the choice of being an organ donor or not. • Even if a teenager signs the back of his or her driver’s license to indicate organ donor status, the family still has to give permission in the event of a tragedy. • Anyone can go online and register to be an organ donor at www.donatelifetexas.org/register
Myths and facts about organ donation: MYTH: If I am in an accident and the hospital knows that I want to be an organ and tissue donor, the doctors will not try to save my life. Truth: Organ and tissue recovery takes place only after all efforts to save your life have been exhausted and death has been legally declared. MYTH: I am not the right age for organ or tissue donation. TRUTH: Organs may be donated from birth to old age. There is no age limit for tissue donation.
Myth: Rich and famous people go to the top of the list when they need a donor organ. Fact: The rich and famous aren't given priority when it comes to allocating organs. It may seem that way because of the amount of publicity generated when celebrities receive a transplant, but they are treated no differently from anyone else. The reality is that celebrity and financial status are not considered in organ allocation.
The other leading causes of death among teenagers: # 2 Homicide~MAKES UP 17%OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19#3 Suicide~MAKES UP 15% OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19#4 Cancer ~MAKES UP 6% OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19#5 Heart Disease~MAKES UP 3% OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19
CDC 2009 While unintentional injury is listed as the #1 cause of death with 4,807 deaths, of those deaths, 3,242 are from motor vehicle accidents so we consider motor vehicle accidents as the #1 cause of death among 15 – 19 yr. olds.
electrocution A fatal injury caused by electricity entering the body and destroying vital tissues.
suffocation A fatal injury caused by an inability to breathe when the nose and mouth are blocked or when the body becomes oxygen-deficient.
The most common types of unintentional injuries in the workplace are Falls Explosions Toxic hazards Electrocution Fires
What is the government agency that was created to help prevent work-related injuries, illness and death? Occupational Safety Health Administration
RULES OF GUN SAFETY • Assume every gun is loaded until you have checked yourself. • Open the action when you pick up a gun. • Open the action before passing the gun to another person.
OTHER RULES OF GUN SAFETY • Never shoot at a hard flat surface or water. • Never drink or take drugs before or while shooting. • Always be sure your action and barrel are clear of obstructions. • Store hunting arms under lock and in a separate location from the ammunition. • Always unload before crossing a ditch, climbing a fence, entering a stand, or encountering an obstacle.
What role do health care professionals and/or agencies have in promoting a healthy community? Do you know what some of the health care agencies are in our community?
If you were an expensive, one-of-a- kind car, what measures would you take to make sure you stayed in tip-top condition? What measures do you take to prevent anything going wrong with your body?
