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Status of EFDA-JET and Plans for 2005/06 and Beyond

Status of EFDA-JET and Plans for 2005/06 and Beyond. Michael Watkins Head of Programme EFDA Close Support Unit 9 May 2005, 20th IEA LTA ExCom, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA. European Fusion Development Agreement.

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Status of EFDA-JET and Plans for 2005/06 and Beyond

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  1. Status of EFDA-JET and Plans for 2005/06 and Beyond Michael Watkins Head of Programme EFDA Close Support Unit 9 May 2005, 20th IEA LTA ExCom, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  2. European Fusion Development Agreement All EU Laboratories/Institutions working on Fusion are parties to EFDA (including Poland and Slovenia) • Purpose of EFDA • Fusion Technology R&D • EU contribution to ITER • Collective use of JET • Annual expenditureon JET ~ 75 M€(75% from EURATOM) • Agreements extendup to 31/12/2006 • JET programme from 2007 (FP7) under consideration • Major enhancements approved • Commission proposal includes JET UKAEA is the Operator of the JET Facilities 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  3. International Collaborations: 2004 Collaborators Area Specific topic • Diagnostics • MSE, CX, Reflectometry, Fast ADCs,Lost a detector, HRTS, TAE antenna • CX, neutron detectors, g detectors, NPA • 12 from US • 9 from RF Hardware • 7 from US • RF systems • High Power Prototype of ICRF antenna, ITER-like ICRH antenna • Transport codes • TRANSP, NCLASS, JETTO, SOLPS5(B2.5), EDGE2D, ESC • EDGE2D/NIMBUS, SOLPS5.0, ASTRA • NPA • 8 from US • 3 from RF • 2 from RF Software • Diagnostic software • Participation in co-ordinated multi-machine experiments • ITBs, b-scaling, NTMs, pedestal physics, RWMs, error fields, LH transition • Pedestal physics • 8 from US • 1 from JA Joint experiments • 6 from US • 2 from US • 2 from RF & 1 from PRC • Analysis of JET data • Fast ions, TAEs, Cascades • He enrichment, isotope changeover • Electron channel transport Specific competencies 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  4. Content of talk • Shutdown 2004-2005 • 2005-2006 Scientific Programme • Longer Term programme 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  5. Significant Upgrade of JET Scientific Capabilities in 2005-2006 • 2005 • MkII-HD divertor (high triangularity, high power operation) • 3 dB couplers for ELM resilience on 2 of the 4 existing ICRH A2 antennas • Improved Neutral Beam neutralisers (+ 1.5 - 2 MW) • 14 (+2) new or upgraded diagnostics / systems • Disruption mitigation valve • 2006 • ITER-like ICRH antenna • External conjugate-T for ELM resilience on remaining ICRH A2 antennas • LHCD control electronic refurbishment • Smaller diagnostics 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  6. ITER shape High d Plasma Load Bearing Septum Replacement tiles: Increased power handling High Field Side Gap Closure tiles: protect divertor diagnostic cables Power handling with ITER-like plasma shapes: modified divertor (MkII-HD)being installed • Handle up to 40MW power for 10s with strike point sweeping • More flexibility for ITER matched triangularity plasmas (dU~0.44, dL~0.56) at higher Ip(3.5-4MA) • Refurbishment of divertor diagnostics • Operation in 2005 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  7. A record JET NB power (D0) of 22.7MW was achieved on 22/1/04 • up to 25 MW maximum power expected in 2005 JET Neutral Beam Heating Upgrade 2003 • New switch mode power supplies, each rated at 130kV/130 A, 20s pulse length to supply each two 130kV/60A PINIs (upgraded from140kV/30A) • Voltage output regulation < 1% • All power and control electronics (e.g.invertors) are at ground potential • => PSs built by JEMA, Spain 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  8. ICRF System : improved ELM resilience and test of ITER-relevant schemes=> 12-15 MW 2005 A 3 dB couplers B 2006 ITER-like antenna Internal conjugate T C External conjugate T D 2006 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  9. ICRH coupling to ELMy plasma improved with conjugate-T matching scheme cleaner, more reliable Conjugate T matching 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  10. Antenna straps Antenna Prototype tests ~40kV Capacitors ~5-6 kV R.Goulding, ORNL ELM Resilient ITER-like ICRH antenna under construction (operation in 2006) • ELM resilient Conjugate-T antenna with Internal Matching • High Power Density • ~7MW additional power • Challenging Project: • Voltage Stand-Off in Capacitors • (High) Precision C tuning for Matching • Forces during disruptions Durodie, Lamalle/ERM-KMS, this conference 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  11. Sixteen Diagnostics Enhancements Projects being installed, to be operational in 2005/06 • Halo sensors and magnetics (ENEA-RFX/Create) • High Resolution Thomson Scattering (ENEA-RFX)(US collaboration) • CXRS core (UKAEA)(US collaboration) • Microwave access (IST,CNR-Milano, FOM, IPP) • Vertical bolometer camera (IPP) • Tritium retention studies diagnostics (UKAEA, TEKES, FZJ, IPP, VR) • Edge Current Profile (UKAEA, VR, CEA, IST) • IR camera viewing system (CEA, ENEA) • TAE antennae / high n modes (CRPP)(US collaboration) • Magnetic Proton Recoil (VR, CNR-Milano, IST) • Neutron Time Of Flight TOFOR (VR, CNR-Milano, IST) • Lost alphas (IPP)(US collaboration) • Fast Digitizers (IST, UKAEA)(US collaboration) • Disruption mitigation (FZJ, UKAEA) + Collaborations with Russian Federation on neutron, g, NPA diagnostics 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  12. New High Resolution Thomson Scattering • Components being installed: • Vacuum window • Lasers • Optical benches • Optical fibres • Spectrometers (US) 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  13. New Bolometers Installation imminent 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  14. 362 contributions to conferences,71 journal submissions in 2004 JET Contributions to conferences in 2004 (total 362) Journal papers submitted to Pinboard in 2004 (total 71) 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  15. Content of talk • Shutdown 2004-2005 • 2005-2006 Scientific Programme • Longer Term programme 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  16. Timetable • Call for Proposals • 31 Jan 2005Proposalsselected and Experiments’ Schedule for Campaigns C15-C17 prepared • Call for participation • 15 June2005CampaignsC15-C17finalised, including staffing (basis for Contacts) • Shutdown, Restart and High Level Commissioning 2004/05 • Shutdown started: 6 March 2004 • Expect pump-down: early July 2005 • High Level Commissioning/Restart Contingency: 7 November 2005 • Experimental Programme Schedule end 2005 / early 2006 • Campaigns C15, C16 and C17 - 21 November to 16 December 2005(18 S/T days, plus 2 days maintenance) • - 9 January to 10 March 2006 (42 S/T days, plus 3 days maintenance) • - 13 March to 12 April 2006 (20 S/T days, plus 3 days maintenance) OR • - 21 August to 18 September 2006 (16 S/T days, plus 3 days maintenance) 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  17. 2. Critical issues for ITER (potentially impacting detailed design of ITER components, e.g. first wall, heating & current drive systems, diagnostics..) • Design tolerable ELMs • Characterise ELM behaviour and edge pedestal in ELMy H-mode • Characterise discharges in preparation for change of wall/divertor materials • Characterise disruptions • Measure tritium retention and migration • Establish level of off-axis current with off-axis NBI and/or MC-ICRH) and quantify degree of rotation achieved with low momentum input • Exploit fully the LH system • Quantify physics governing rotational stabilisation of RWMs • Control core MHD (fishbones) typical of hybrid regimes EFDA-JET Workprogrammes 2005/06:Basis for the Scientific Programme 1. Bring new systems to full performance(divertor, diagnostics, LH launcher and 3dB couplers in early 2006; ITER-like ICRH antenna and conjugate-T after 2006 shutdown) • High-level commissioning of theITER-likeICRH antenna • Commissioning of the MkII HD divertor • Commissioning of new/upgraded diagnostics and systems • High-level commissioning of theICRH system (3dB couplers and conjugate-T) to full power • High-level commissioning of theLH system to full power 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  18. 4. Specific physics issues of direct relevance to ITER (exploiting unique features of JET) 3. Preparation of ITER operating scenarios • Determine transport physics implications for ITER • Extend ELMy H-mode operation at high triangularity to high current • Explore new burning plasma physics • Extend scaling of ELMy H-mode confinement at low d to lowest r*, ne* and highest b • Develop a robust steady-state non-inductive scenario with acceptable edge / confinement making full use of real-time control • Demonstrate portability, fuelling and b limits of the hybrid scenario • Begin to establish reference scenarios ahead of the proposed change of wall/divertor materials EFDA-JET Workprogrammes 2005/06:Basis for the Scientific Programme 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  19. Experimental and Modelling Proposalsfor Campaigns of late 2005 / early 2006 372 proposals (requesting ~500 sessions), including 2 Hungary, 3 Poland, 1 Bulgaria, 1 Turkey, 40 US, 6 Japan, 3 RF 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  20. Task Force Leaders/Deputies & CSU ROs TF S1: Consolidation of ITER database and reference scenarios A. Sips (IPP, Garching); R. Buttery (UKAEA, Culham); T. Loarer (CEA, Cadarache);H.Nordman D.Frigione TF S2: ITER Advanced Scenarios X.Litaudon (CEA, Cadarache); C. Challis (UKAEA, Culham); F.Crisanti (ENEA, Frascati); & D.Moreau TF M: MHD S.Pinches (IPP, Garching); R. Koslowski (FZJ, Jülich); & S.Arshad TF H: Heating J. Ongena (ERM/KMS, Brussels); J. Mailloux (UKAEA, Culham); & D. Moreau TF E: Exhaust R.Pitts(CRPP-EPFL,Lausanne); W.Fundamenski(UKAEA,Culham); V.Philipps(FZJ,Jülich); & B.Goncalves TF D: Diagnostics A.Murari(RFX,Padova);J.Brzozowski(VR, Sweden);E.delaLuna(CIEMAT,Madrid);R.Pasqualotto B.Goncalves TF T: Transport P. Mantica (ENEA, Milano); P. Strand (VR, Sweden); V. Naulin (Riso, Denmark); & H. Nordman TF FT: Fusion Technology C. Grisolia (CEA, Cadarache); P. Coad (UKAEA); & G. Piazza, S.Rosanvallon TF DT: Deuterium-Tritium Operation K-D. Zastrow (UKAEA, Culham); & M. L. Watkins 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  21. Experimental Proposals for Campaigns of late 2005 / early 2006 + 46 Task Force T modelling proposals 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  22. Content of talk • Shutdown 2004-2005 • 2005-2006 Scientific Programme • Longer Term programme 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  23. Until ITER starts: JET still has significant technical capabilities which can be used to prepare for ITER operation On short-term (2005/2006), JET’s scientific capabilities are being extended, with construction of: “ ITER-like ” antenna and new plasma diagnostics JET’s key components (vacuum vessel, magnets) have not been used for more than 15% of their fatigue lifetime, although regular maintenance is needed on auxiliaries On longer term (2007-2010), JET can be used: • to develop further operating scenarios inconditions closest to those of ITER; • to optimise more ITER auxiliaries Requires “ITER-like” wall conditions andincreased heating power 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  24. Decide as late as possible (2007) “ITER-like” wall experiment on JETOnly JET can prepare ITER operation with the relevant materials combination 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  25. Mach Probe Erosion? tile analysis QMB Net Erosion, physicaland chemical Limited Physical Erosion and Deposition Deposition Chemical Erosion Improve edge modelling capability • Improved modelling (eg. of erosion, re-deposition, flows, ELM buffering…) is essential for various first wall materials 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  26. Maximum Neutral Beam Power after Upgrade (approved on 4 April 2005) 40s 30s 20s 10s 0 0 10 20 30 40MW Upgrade of Oct 4 and 8 to 16-17.5MW each, 20s, co-injection only 2005 NB (co-injection only), 2 boxes 25MW 10s, or 1 box after the other 12MW 2x10s, co-injection only 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  27. ELMs have to be mitigated • ITER will operate with transient loads near (ELMs) and beyond (disruptions) material damage thresholds • JET just reaches this regime with DWELM ~ 1 MJ ELMs • Methods of mitigation - natural (Type-II, EDA, Grassy, Type-III, QH,…) - externally imposed (pellets, impurity seeding, perturbation coils,...) 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  28. DT qualification of ITER-relevant scenarios Preparation for Burning Plasma Physics ITER-relevant H&CD and Burning Plasma Diagnostics D-T test of fully wall-compatible scenarios Confirmation of reduced T-retention Pellet injector (ELM pacing) Magnetic Perturbation Coils ITER-like wall (Be 1st wall, W(C) divertor) Wall diagnostics Detritiation techniques NB Power Upgrade LHCD PAM Coupler PF system upgrade Diagnostics & RTC Plasma scenario-wall compatibility ITER relevant plasma control Disruption and ELM mitigation Management of core impurities Reduce fuel retention (D and FTE) Be and W erosion and migration Mixed materials issues Wall behaviour (Melt layer, vapour shielding etc.) Detritiation Radiative divertor scenarios in the absence of carbon Fully integrated optimised performance Physics at high bN, low (r*, n*), Te~Ti and reduced rotation Scaling of core and edge Control of profiles n, T, j towards long pulse/S.S. Proposed JET Programme 2007-2010 D-T Integrated Experiment Plasma scenarios ITER-like in ITER-like Wall experiment configurations 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  29. Proposed JET Programme in Support of ITER 2005-2007 Strong focus on preparing ITER detailed design and ITER exploitation, including the commissioning and initial operation of an ITER-like ICRH antenna and preparationfor proposed changes of wall/divertor materials and increased heating power • Installation & exploitation of JET-EP enhancements, including diagnostics 2008 Shutdown Installation of major new capabilities • “ITER-like” wall • NB power upgrade • High frequency pellet injector • Diagnostics • Other small enhancements (tbd) EFDA Steering Committee approved first three Experimentation in 2009-2010 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

  30. Conclusions • JET’s programme is focused on the preparation of ITER operation, building on significant progress in the development of plasma scenarios and in physics. • The scientific capability of the device is being improved significantly this year and next year (heating, diagnostics, divertor). • A programme based on an “ITER-like” wall and increased heating power is being prepared for 2007 and beyond (FP7). • EFDA Steering Committee recently approved“ITER-like” wall, Neutral Beam and Pellet projects. Diagnostic proposals still under elaboration.Other possible proposals being defined. 20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005

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