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INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION

INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION. MIGRATION FROM ANALOGUE TO DIGITAL BROADCASTING IN THE ASIA PACIFIC REGION. Regional Workshop Hanoi: 22 May 2011 Strengthening Digital Broadcasting Experience. Colin J Knowles Director, Colin Knowles and Associates Pty Ltd

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INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION

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  1. INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION MIGRATION FROM ANALOGUE TO DIGITAL BROADCASTING IN THE ASIA PACIFIC REGION Regional Workshop Hanoi: 22 May 2011Strengthening Digital Broadcasting Experience Colin J Knowles Director, Colin Knowles and Associates Pty Ltd colin.knowles@bigpond.com Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  2. Topic Overview • Digital Migration in the Asia Pacific: ITU Initiatives: Guidelines and Roadmaps • Findings from ITU Survey of the Region • Building a Migration Roadmap • DTV Technology Status and Options • Implementing DTV: Case Studies from the Region Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  3. Digital Migration in the Asia Pacific: ITU Initiatives: Guidelines and Roadmaps • Background to ITU initiative • The ITU Guidelines on Migration from Analogue to Digital Broadcasting • Application of the Guidelines for the Asia Pacific Region • Migration of Analogue Archives to Digital • ITU Survey of Analogue to Digital Television Migration in the Asia Pacific Region • Selection of Asia Pacific Countries for a Pilot Programme to Assist in Building Migration Roadmaps Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  4. Background on Migration • Geneva 06 Agreement • Migration Guidelines for Africa • WTDC 10 Decisions and Action Plan for AP • ITU Initiatives in AP Region to Implement WTDC 10 Decisions Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  5. Geneva 06 (GE06 ) Agreement Planning Area: Highlighted above Frequency Bands: Band III 174-230 MHz Band IV: 470-58 MHz Band V: 582-862 GE06 Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting Plans to be implemented by June 2015 (except so developing countries where transition ends June 2020) Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  6. Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific: Bangkok, Thailand Area Office for South East Asia: Jakarta, Indonesia The offices serve for 38 Member States and 71 BDT Sector Members Fiji Marshall Islands Micronesia Nauru Tonga ITU Asia-Pacific Region Low-Income States (9) The Rest (10) LDCs (14) D.P.R. Korea India Indonesia Mongolia Pakistan Philippines Sri Lanka Vietnam Australia Brunei China/Hong Kong Iran Japan Malaysia New Zealand R.O. Korea Singapore Thailand PNG Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia Lao, PDR Maldives Nepal Myanmar Kiribati Samoa Solomon Is. Tuvalu Vanuatu Timor Leste SIDS (12) Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  7. ITU & Digital Broadcasting

  8. Digital Broadcasting Project Objectives To assist the Asia-Pacific countries in making their own roadmap to shift smoothly from analogue to DTTB and to introduce MTV. Funded by ITU and KCC, Republic of Korea Main Activities Survey on broadcasting & transition situation; Adaptation of Guidelines developed through Roadmap of a project in Africa; Development of Roadmap for some selected countries in Asia-Pacific; Workshop to train participants on how to develop Roadmap and share experiences amongst neighboring countries in Asia-Pacific. Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011 8

  9. Expected Results • Policy and regulatory frameworks for digital terrestrial broadcasting, including mobile television and spectrum re-farming due to the digital dividend • Digital broadcasting master plans for transition from analogue to digital broadcasting, including mobile TV and IPTV • Appropriate mechanisms for conversion from analogue to digital archives and mechanisms for sharing of content • Provision of assistance in the field of interactive multimedia services to broadcasters in the Asia-Pacific region • Enhanced skills of relevant human resources in the area of digital broadcasting technologies • Comprehensive guidelines on the transition from analogue to digital broadcasting • Facilitating the availability of universal radio receivers at affordable prices. Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  10. Description of Main Activities • Survey on the current situation of broadcasting • Collect information through questionnaire • Analyze the collected information • Adaptation of the guidelines • Decide which parts of the guidelines needed to be adapted • Study guidelines to support the conversion • Disseminate introductory knowledge on conversion • Development of master plan for pilot countries • Identify pilot countries • Clarify the requirements • Customize guidelines & develop master plan • Capacity building on digital broadcasting technologies • Organize regional workshop/training Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  11. ITU Assistance & Guidelines • Provide information and recommendations • on broadcasting policy, regulation, technologies, • network planning, customer awareness and • business planning for the smooth transition • to Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting (DTTB) • and introduction of Mobile Television • Broadcasting (MTV). • Assist in development of a well defined • roadmap for transition. www.itu.int Note: The Guidelines have been prepared for Africa, taking into account the provisions of the GE06 Agreement. However they could also be applied in countries outside the GE06 planning area, but provisions of other applicable regulations, instead of GE06, should be taken into account in that case. Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  12. Drivers for Migration in the AP • GE06 does not apply to the Asia Pacific Region but migration is important! • Harmonization of Frequency Assignments maximize value of digital dividend globally • Supply of Analogue equipment will become a problem • Additional capacity to deliver programmes at little additional cost (Enabler) • Needs of individual countries in AP are diverse • There is a transition cost! This will determine the urgency for migration. Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  13. Application of the Guidelines for the Asia Pacific Region • Revision of the Guidelines for application in the AP Region • Put GE06 into context for Region 3 • Add references to the additional technologies applicable to Region 3 • Include new material: Guidelines on Archives Migration • These have wider application than Region 3 Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  14. Migration of Analogue Archives to Digital • Why Migration is Important • Migration Options and Strategies • Integration of Archives into the Digital Production Workflow • Planning for Archive Migration Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  15. ITU Survey of Analogue to Digital Television Migration in the Asia Pacific Region • Background and Objectives of the Survey • Similar survey carried out in Africa • Questionnaire updated for AP to obtain more comprehensive information about migration needs, capability, and information needs • Respondents to the Survey • Survey went to 39 Countries (including Cook Islands) • Acknowledgements received by ITU 25 • Country 22 Respondents from the AP Region (excluding Hong Kong SRA, Singapore, and Vietnam) • China, Cook Islands, New Zealand, Philippines and Thailand did not require assistance or provided no information to identify any need for assistance.. • 17 countries are eligible for consideration under selection criteria. • 5 Pilot countries announced Mid December 2010 (Cambodia, Mongolia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Tonga) Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  16. Main Findings of AP Survey 17 Countries responded to survey – Information on further countries obtained from other sources: There are 38 ITU Member States – table reflects 24 countries of AP Only Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  17. Summary • Wide diversity of needs, aspirations, and capability. • Detailed questionnaire was challenging for many respondents – yet where information was provided it laid a good foundation for further consideration of assistance needs and migration complexity • Two major groupings of complexity emerge: • Sparse settlement over large areas (eg Island States) and or difficulty geography- Few neighbouring states and fairly simple planning for DTV but distribution of signal to transmitters difficult. • More densely populated states with Complex Planning of multiple high power services and multiple translators • In most cases the level of in-country theoretical knowledge of DTV may be sufficient but there is limited practical implementation know how and initially insufficient time to build that experience internally. • Most need assistance with Policy, Regulation, and Analogue Switch Off strategy. Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  18. Selection of Asia Pacific Countries for a Pilot Programme to Assist in Building Migration Roadmaps • Five countries selected for ITU Assistance under a pilot programme • Selection Criteria sought to identify: • Representative mix of developing countries • Candidates who might be able to progress with migration early and so provide lessons for others • Candidates who had sufficient capability to progress from roadmap to implementation • Candidates where there was strong support from Government for migration Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  19. Selection of Asia Pacific Countries for a Pilot Programme to Assist in Building Migration Roadmaps • Five countries selected were: • Mongolia – Roadmap report to be completed by May 2011 • Cambodia –Roadmap report to be completed by May 2011 • Tonga - Will commence by June-July 2011 • Sri Lanka - Will commence by June-July 2011 • Nepal - Will commence by June-July 2011 Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  20. DTV Technology Compression and Transmission • Compression Technologies • MPEG-2 • MPEG-4 • Terrestrial Transmission • Mixed Satellite and Terrestrial • Cable and IPTV Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  21. DTV Technology Terrestrial Broadcast Applications • Technology Options • Digital Terrestrial TV • ATSC • ISDB • DVB-T/T2 • China DTV Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  22. DTV Technology Mobile Applications • Mobile Digital Television • CMMB • DMB • Media Flo • DVB-H Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  23. DTV Technology Terrestrial Radio Applications • DAB & DAB+ • DRM • ISDB • DMB • CMMB Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  24. National DTV Standards • Generic Standards have to be adapted to National needs – They provide a tool box of options to select from for local needs • Particular Attention should be given to assignment of Logical Channel Numbers, EPG and structure of Systems Information • National Channel Frequency Allocations also need to be specified for Manufacturers • Look to standards of established countries for guidance on what should be specified in National Standards Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  25. Building a Migration Roadmap • The ITU Guidelines • Drivers of Migration • Factors that Influence the Approach • Engagement of the Stakeholders (National Roadmap Team) • Implementation Phase • Analogue Switch Off (ASO) • Delivering the Digital Dividend? Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  26. Building a Migration Roadmap • The ITU Guidelines • Drivers of Migration • Factors that Influence the Approach • Engagement of the Stakeholders (National Roadmap Team) • Implementation Phase • Analogue Switch Off (ASO) • Delivering the Digital Dividend? Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  27. Building a Migration Roadmap • The ITU Guidelines • Drivers of Migration • Factors that Influence the Approach • Engagement of the Stakeholders (National Roadmap Team) • Implementation Phase • Analogue Switch Off (ASO) • Delivering the Digital Dividend? Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  28. Building a Migration Roadmap • The ITU Guidelines • Drivers of Migration • Factors that Influence the Approach • Engagement of the Stakeholders (National Roadmap Team) • Implementation Phase • Analogue Switch Off (ASO) • Delivering the Digital Dividend? Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  29. Building a Migration Roadmap • The ITU Guidelines • Drivers of Migration • Factors that Influence the Approach • Engagement of the Stakeholders (National Roadmap Team) • Implementation Phase • Analogue Switch Off (ASO) • Delivering the Digital Dividend? Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  30. Building a Migration Roadmap • The ITU Guidelines • Drivers of Migration • Factors that Influence the Approach • Engagement of the Stakeholders (National Roadmap Team) • Implementation Phase • Analogue Switch Off (ASO) • Delivering the Digital Dividend? Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  31. Building a Migration Roadmap • The ITU Guidelines • Drivers of Migration • Factors that Influence the Approach • Engagement of the Stakeholders (National Roadmap Team) • Implementation Phase • Analogue Switch Off (ASO) • Delivering the Digital Dividend? Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  32. Implementing DTV: Lessons from the Region: Australia • Early Adopter – Services commenced Jan 2001 • Equipment Supply and reliability was initially difficult. • Standards and Roll-out • Evaluated ATSC and DVB and opted for DVB-T • Comprehensive assessment to achieve same coverage – digital has different failure characteristics. • HDTV and Multi-channel: Broadcasters have full 7MHz DTV channel and will be required to give up Analogue Channel. • Large Country, Many high density areas to cover, complex mix of high and low power services, 5-6 networks nationally, Digital had to be integrated with analogue to allow simulcast Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  33. Implementing DTV: Lessons from the Region: Australia • Organization • Planning was joint effort between Government, Regulator and Broadcasters over several years • Policy and Legislation: Supported need for large infrastructure investment • Digital Dividend is one objective (involving restacking of spectrum) Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  34. Implementing DTV: Lessons from the Region: Australia • Completion of ASO 2013 • More than 4000 transmitters at 1200 sites ranging from 1MW analogue – Low Power Translators across Australia with complementary Satellite services. • ASO Organization and Implementation • Separate dedicated organization within Government • Timetable and Strategy developed with the Industry • Extensive Communication campaign to end users and retailers Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  35. Implementing DTV: Bhutan • LDC with small population and exceptionally difficult terrain • Trans border satellite concerns • Still in progress of rolling out analogue • Extensive Cable TV implementation • ITU assisted with preliminary roadmap guidance in 2009/10 Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  36. Implementing DTV: Mongolia • Government decision to migrate by June 2013 • Sparse Population and large area but well developed analogue strategy • Objective to achieve at least 10 digital channels across the country • ITU assistance with roadmap strategies in February 2011 • First Stage implementation before end 2011 – tenders for supply Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  37. Some Lessons from Region • Most complex issues are policy and regulation and Analogue Switch Off • Technology is now stable and affordable • Lots of experienced supplier assistance available • Many similarities between AP countries in the issues and delivery of Digital Services • Distribution is often a challenge • Digital Dividend may be a significant objective to enable rapid development of communications services. Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

  38. Acknowledgement • ITU and its Partner KCC (Republic of Korea) in the Roadmap Project • ABU in collaboration with ITU on the regional survey and guidelines revision project • The administrations from the region: in particular Bhutan and Mongolia for their participation in the Roadmap projects. Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011

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