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WWI- Russian Revolution

WWI- Russian Revolution. The Romanovs, Rasputin, and Communism. WWI- Russian Revolution. A. Russian Disaster in WWI 1. Eastern Front a. Russia- Losing major battles to the German forces (remember the Schlieffen plan!) 1. Completely unprepared

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WWI- Russian Revolution

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  1. WWI- Russian Revolution The Romanovs, Rasputin, and Communism

  2. WWI- Russian Revolution A. Russian Disaster in WWI 1. Eastern Front a. Russia- Losing major battles to the German forces (remember the Schlieffen plan!) 1. Completely unprepared Some soldiers trained with broomsticks, others never received weapons and were told to take them during the battles when casualties occurred. 2. Lack of Industry to make weapons 3. Czar Nicholas II- Took control of the army, though untrained. Made many mistakes, had disregard for troop safety and tactics to preserve lives.

  3. WWI- Russian Revolution 4. Romanovs- 300 years of autocratic rule a. Russian monarchs ruled as total absolutists b. Life of opulence and wealth c. At the time of WWI, Russian people were starving and struggling to survive. d. The Romanovs became symbols of selfishness and ignorance 5. Role Alexandra and Rasputin

  4. WWI- Russian Revolution b. Russia ended with the highest casualties of the war: 1. ~2 million dead 2. 5 million wounded or captured

  5. WWI- Russian Revolution c. Revolution in Russia 1. 1917, March- Women workers go on strike, the first sign of unrest. 2. Dismissed by Alexandra as “hooligans” 3. Rise of Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks

  6. WWI Russian Revolution 4. March 12- A new government formed of middle class political leaders asks the Czar to step down, which he does. a. Led by Alexander Kerensky b. He decides to stay in the war. c. HUGE mistake, Russians not satisfied with this new government.

  7. WWI Russian Revolution 5. Bolsheviks a. Started as a Marxist party and believed violent revolution was needed. b. A small group of communist leaders would organize and direct the people into rebellion. 1. “Vanguard”- intelligent, motivated communist leaders

  8. WWI- Russian Revolution c. Germany’s role in Lenin’s return d. Uniting the workers 1. “Peace, Land, Bread” 2. “Worker Control of Production” 3. “All Power to the Soviets”

  9. WWI- Russian Revolution d. Russia leaves the War 1. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk a. Russia gives up Eastern Poland, Ukraine, and Finland to Germany b. Lenin argues territory does not matter, because soon all of Europe will be communist! 2. The Eastern front ceases to exist… Germany is now free to focus on France.

  10. WWI- Russian Revolution e. Civil War 1. The communists faced a backlash from anti- Communist forces resulting in the Russian civil war (5 years of fighting): Reds (communists) vs. Whites (royals) a. Foreign armies, such as the British and French, weighed in on the side of the Whites (the Czar’s ties to European royalty being the reason) b. US feared communism greatly at this time, and supported the Whites as well.

  11. WWI-Russian Revolution 2. Fate of the Royal family a. Executed July 16th, 1918 1. Soldiers loyal to the Czar were closing in, 2. quick execution and disposal of the bodies. b. Entire family and a few servants killed. c. Mystery?

  12. Anna and Anastasia • Conspiracy theories about survival of the youngest daughter, Anastasia. • Also some mystery about the young son, Alexi. • Claims by an “Anna Anderson” years later… • NOT TRUE… Anderson was a poor Polish farmer’s daughter who wanted to be a famous actress.

  13. WWI- Russian Revolution f. Communist Victory! 1. Complete transformation from a rebel group into a government. 2. Council of People’s Commissars a. Central economic control 1. Grain/food redistribution 2. Control over industrial production b. Military focus c. Cheka- Secret police, Russian Reign of Terror. 1. Arrested/killed/tortured known royal sympathizers.

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