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Key Aspects of Beam Properties and Nuclear Reaction Energetics in Accelerator Physics

This document explores critical components of beam properties in accelerator physics, including beam energy, stability, purity, charge states, and their significance in integrated charge measurements. It covers methodologies to measure these parameters using Hall or NMR probes and discusses the implications of energy spread and calibration. Additionally, it delves into nuclear reaction energetics, focusing on conservation laws and Q-values in reactions, along with case studies, such as the 7Li(p,n) reaction, emphasizing threshold conditions and the behavior of neutron scattering.

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Key Aspects of Beam Properties and Nuclear Reaction Energetics in Accelerator Physics

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  1. Beam Properties • Beam energy. (Terminal voltage, TOF, Wien filter, calibration ) • Energy spread.  • Energy stability. • Purity. Example contaminated with • = ? • Charge state. Important for interpreting integrated charge measurement. Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  2. Beam Properties • B is measured using Hall or NMR probes. • Fringe effects. • Magnetic constant Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  3. Beam Properties Q + ER = Er Resonant Capture (selected energies with large X-section) Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  4. Beam Properties Compare SRIM Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  5. Beam Properties Infinite thickness…??? Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  6. Beam Properties Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  7. Beam Properties Compare SRIM Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  8. Beam Properties Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  9. Beam Properties • Low Q-value  low E • HPGe detector calibrated using standard sources. E = E + Q - Eex Non-resonant Capture (all energies) Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  10. Nuclear Reaction Energetics • Conservation Laws • Charge, Baryon number, total energy, linear momentum, angular momentum, parity, (isospin??)……. b pb  gs a pa X  +ve Q-value  exoergic reaction. -ve Q-value  endoergic reaction. pY Y Stationary X ?? +ve Q-value  reaction possible if Ta 0. -ve Q-value  reaction not possible if Ta 0. (Is Ta > |Q| sufficient?). Conservation of momentum …… Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  11. Nuclear Reaction Energetics HW 23 • Conservation of momentum. • We usually do not detect Y. • Show that: • The threshold energy (for Ta): (the condition occurs for  = 0º). • +ve Q-value  reaction possible if Ta 0. • -ve Q-value  reaction possible if Ta> TTh. • Coulomb and other barriers…….!!! • Neutrons vs. charged particles. double valued !? solve for Q Q < 0 Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  12. Nuclear Reaction Energetics HW 23(continued) • The double valued situation occurs between TTh and the upper limit Ta\. • Double-valued in a forward cone. Q < 0 Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  13. Nuclear Reaction Energetics HW 23(continued) • Discuss thoroughly the 7Li(p,n) reaction. • During the discussion emphasize on the case when the incident proton beam is 30 keV above the threshold. • Use your computing skills. • Discuss the elasticand inelastic scatteringof neutronsusing these relations. Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  14. Nuclear Reaction Energetics Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  15. Nuclear Reaction Energetics Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  16. Nuclear Reaction Energetics Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

  17. Nuclear Reaction Energetics Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

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