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Explore the evolution of work-life balance through the decades from the 1970s to the 2000s, alongside key global events shaping the intersection of work and family life.
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1970’s Employers Confronted with Child Care
1970’sEmployers Confronted with Child Care World Events Work & Family Developments • Watergate break-in (1972) • Intel invents single chip processor • Federal Express founded (1973) • OPEC oil crisis (1973) • US forces leave Vietnam (1973) • President Nixon resigns (1974) • Employee Assistance Programs • White House Conference on Children (1970) • Federal agencies experiment with flexible work arrangements • ERISA becomes law (1974) • Kanter publishes Work & Family in the United States (1977) • Pregnancy Discrimination Act (1978) • Aspen Institute Seminar; K. Christensen introduces concepts of women, work & family (1978)
1980’s “Work & Family” Spawns an Industry
1980’s“Work & Family” Spawns an Industry World Events Work & Family Developments • Decade punctuated by mergers and acquisitions • AIDS is given a name (1981) • Sandra Day O’Connor named to the Supreme Court (1981) • Challenger Space Shuttle explodes (1986) • Berlin Wall comes down (1989) • Bill to amend FLSA vetoed by President Reagan (1989) • Fatherhood Project (James Levine, 1981) • CB Work-Family Research Council established (1983) • Work/Family Directions (Rodgers, 1983) • Working Mother Magazine “Best Companies for Mothers” award (1985) • First Catalyst award conferred (1986) • Families and Work Institute (1989)
1990’s Work-Life Becomes Competitive Advantage
1990’sWork-Life Becomes Competitive Advantage World Events Work & Family Developments • Decade punctuated by downsizing, delayering, and reengineering • Dot-coms proliferate • Bull market: economy soars • Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) • Clean Air Act (1990) • Operation Desert Storm (1991) • O.J. Simpson arrested (1994) • Center for Work & Family founded at BU (now at BC) 1990 • Susan Seitel launches Work and Family Newsbriefand Trend Report (1990) • “Tenure stop clock” • Shellenbargers’s WSJ column begins (1991) • FWI launches National Study of the Changing Workforce • FMLA passes (1993) • Alliance for WL Progress (1996)
2000’s Expansion of the Work-Life Lens
2000’sExpansion of the Work-Life Lens World Events Work & Family Developments • Terrorism emerges as a global threat • Global recession and other challenges • Collapse of the dot-coms • Labor force participation of married women with children under 18 = 70.1%; children under 6 = 61.8% • Generational diversity • Stress and overwork rise • Technology: 24X7 connectivity • Shift to culture change management • Social/public policy focus • Corporate Voices (2000) • Rosabeth Moss Kanter Award (2000) • New focus on men