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Prochlorococcus dynamics in the Red Sea - an annual cycle

Prochlorococcus dynamics in the Red Sea - an annual cycle. Nick Fuller 1 Nyree West 1 Anton Post 2 Dave Scanlan 1 1 University of Warwick, UK 2 Interuniversity Institute, Eilat, Israel. The Gulf of Aqaba. - Section of rift valley, up to 1800 m deep - Shallow southern sill (250 m)

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Prochlorococcus dynamics in the Red Sea - an annual cycle

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  1. Prochlorococcus dynamics in the Red Sea - an annual cycle Nick Fuller1 Nyree West1 Anton Post2 Dave Scanlan1 1University of Warwick, UK 2Interuniversity Institute, Eilat, Israel

  2. The Gulf of Aqaba - Section of rift valley, up to 1800 m deep - Shallow southern sill (250 m) - ACW circulation - Residence time: surface = 1 yr; deep = 3-8 yr - Contains Red Sea surface water - No rivers - Low biomass & chl a deep light penetration - Characteristic of open ocean, cf. southern Red Sea - Strong seasonal changes - Seasonal succession of picophytoplankton oligotrophic

  3. Prochlorococcus sp. HL1SB3 (RCC283) Prochlorococcus sp. MED4 (RCC153) Prochlorococcus sp. EQPAC1 (RCC278) Prochlorococcus sp. HL1GP2 (RCC281) HLI Prochlorococcus sp. TATL4 Prochlorococcus sp. PCC9511 Prochlorococcus sp. EQPAC2 (RCC279) Prochlorococcus sp. TATL1A Prochlorococcus sp. NATL2 SAR6 Prochlorococcus sp. SB Prochlorococcus sp. TATL2 Prochlorococcus sp. MIT9302 HLII Prochlorococcus sp. MIT9312 Prochlorococcus sp. GP2 Prochlorococcus sp. TATL1B Prochlorococcus sp. MIT9107 Prochlorococcus sp. TAK9803 (RCC264) Prochlorococcus sp. NATL2A Prochlorococcus sp. MITNATL2 (RCC280) Prochlorococcus sp. PAC1 LL Prochlorococcus sp. MITNATL1 (RCC277) Prochlorococcus sp. SS120 (RCC156) SAR7 Prochlorococcus sp. MIT9303 Prochlorococcus sp. MIT9313 SAR139 SAR100 Synechococcus WH8103 Synechococcus WH7805 Synechococcus WH8101 Synechococcus PCC6307 Microcystiselabens Synechococcus PCC 6301 Oscillatoria corallinae 0.1

  4. HL-adapted Prochlorococcus HL-adapted Prochlorococcus LL-adapted Prochlorococcus LL-adapted Prochlorococcus 20 40 60 80 100 20 40 60 80 100 0 0 10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 70 60 80 70 90 80 100 90 110 10 15 20 25 0 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 A B Relative Hybridization (%) Relative Hybridization (%) Depth (m) Depth (m) Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Chlorophyll (mg/m3) Chlorophyll (mg/m3) HL-I EUB HL-I EUB LL LL 10 m 10 m 20 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 90 90 110

  5. Conclusions • Distribution of Prochlorococcus genotypes is dependent on hydrological conditions, oceanic region and seasonal variation. • Molecular techniques e.g. dot-blots, or FISH in combination with TSA, allows the community structure of natural populations to be rapidly evaluated. • Niche adaptation of specific strains (species?) potentially involves a response to both gradients of light and nutrients.

  6. Acknowledgements NE.Atlantic samples Mike Zubkov FISH Willi Schönhuber Rudi Amann Rosi Rippka Flow cytometry Dominique Marie Fred Partensky Royal Society

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