The Emergence of the United States as a World Power

1. The Emergence of the United States as a World Power

2. Anticipatory Guide • 1. “It is the US’ responsibility to go into third world countries in order to improve the quality of life.”

3. 2. “The US should worry about its own problems before getting involved in foreign affairs”

4. 3. “In a tough situation, if someone does not choose your side, they should be considered your enemy”

5. 4. “Harve Jacobs and Channel 5 News exaggerate the news in the city of North Charleston”

6. 5. “If you know of a criminal act that is about to happen, and do not report it, you share in responsibility for whatever the outcome is”

7. Imperialism • Imperialism– military, political, & economic domination of a stronger nation over a weaker nation • Late 19th century/early 20th century – time of imperial expansion for major countries(Great Britain, France, Germany, Japan, Russia)

9. Why Expand it other Countries? 1. Provide both economic gain & military security Example- Alfred Mahan’s The Influence of Sea Power Upon History – argued that the US needed to become a stronger naval power to become a true world power 2. Nationalism- fulfillment of Manifest Destiny to expand 3. Social Darwinism (survival of the fittest races)- US’s obligation to govern “less civilized peoples” Example: Rudyard Kipling’s The White Man’s Burden Why Should We Not Expand Into Other Countries? Anti-Imperialist – not in US best interests to colonize other lands Why? would pull US into wars

11. US Expansion in the Pacific • Alaska– purchased/acquired from Russia in 1867 – “Seward’s Folly” • Hawaii – independent kingdom ruled by Queen Liliuokalani; annexed by the US in 1898 (SHADY!!!!!!!!)

13. Spanish American War • Cubans rebel against Spanish rule in 1898 • US newspapers report exaggerated stories of Spanish atrocities – “yellow journalism” – demands US intervention • USS Maine explodes off coast of Cuba • Spain is blamed (probably was an accident) • Spain & US declare war in April 1898 • “Rough Riders” – led by Col. Theodore Roosevelt (before he was president) • Victory over Spain in three months • “A splendid little war”

14. Results of Spanish American War 1. Cuba becomes a US protectorate – Cuban autonomy granted with strong US oversight 2. Puerto Rico, Guam, & the Philippines become US territories 3. Strong opposition against annexing the Philippines from anti-imperialist &the Filipino people – harsh guerilla war last for five years – Philippines granted independence 1946

16. Expanding US Foreign Policy • US sought to expand its role into Asia & Latin America Open Door Policy - US policy to encourage equal trading relations between all nations in China Result?- Boxer Rebellion in China; US helped put it down Great White Fleet – world tour of America new modern & powerful navy to demonstrate world power

17. Panama Canal US wanted to gain control of the Panama Canal Why?- short cut from Atlantic to Pacific How did the US Acquire it? • US back Panama in a revolt against Columbia for independence • Panama allowed US to build and control a canal

20. Three US Different Diplomacies 1. “Big Stick Diplomacy”- Theodore Roosevelt • “speak softly and carry a big stick” • US would not hesitate to use military force to protect its interests • Roosevelt Corollary expanded on the Monroe Doctrine- EUROPE STAY OUT!!!!!!

22. Three US Different Diplomacies 2. Taft – “Dollar Diplomacy” • Increase US financial investments ($) to Latin American nations that cooperated with US interests

24. Three US Different Diplomacies 3. Wilson – “Moral Diplomacy” • US to promote democratic reforms by cooperating with democratic nations & not use force or financial incentive • Still had to use military force in Haiti & Mexico in 1915 & 1916 respectively (Pancho Villa raids)