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This report details a project conducted from March 27-28, 2009, in Bratislava, Slovakia, aimed at evaluating indoor air quality (IAQ) in schools across several Central and Eastern European countries. The objectives were to examine exposure levels based on building characteristics, occupant behavior, and activities, while comparing IAQ data from different centers. The health implications of IAQ-related problems in schools, especially for children who are more susceptible, were also analyzed. The findings highlight the significance of indoor pollutants and their potential sources within educational settings, emphasizing the need for effective monitoring and mitigation strategies.
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SEARCH É. Vaskövi1, O. Udvardy1, M. Endrődy1, T. Beregszászi1, P. Rudnai1, É. Csobod2 1Department of Air Hygiene NCPH-NIEH 2Regional Environmental Centre for Central and Easter Europe, Hungarian Office Project Implementation phase 2 27-28 March 2009 , Bratislava, Slovakia
OBJECTIVES • Identify the exposure level in combination with building characteristics and occupant behaviour and activities • Analyse the passive samples • Compare the air quality data measured by the participating centres • Evaluation of the relationship between measured concentrations and possible emission sources • Draw the conclusions
Whystudyindoor air in SCHOOLS ? • IAQ-related health problems in schools • IAQ can potentially affect the health of students/staff in the educational process • Children are more susceptible to poor IAQ • Students spend 4-8 hrs a day in school • Magnitude of schoolchildren population • IAQ pollutants are 2 to 5 times higher
Sourcesof Indoor Air Pollution • Within the school building • Polluted outdoor air (traffic, industry)
CHARACTERISTICINDOORSOURCESIN HUNGARIAN SCHOOLS HCHO BTEX 1 • panelling • fabric • plywood • floor carpet • furniture • board • plasticflooring • oilpaint • furniture 7 2 6 8 5 3 4
PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES ALBANIA BOSNIA** HUNGARY ITALY* SERBIA SLOVAKIA * resultsaren’tintegrated ** pollutiondataarepresentedonly
SAMPLING PLACES INDOOR classroom, inthebreathingzone OUTDOOR ambient air, closesttothewindow of theclassroom
SAMPLING DURATION dependingtype of thepollutantsmeasured CO2, CO, PM10, T, RH schooltime, oneday/classsroom NO2, BTEX, HCHO 3-5 daysdependingonthe Nr of classrooms
INDOOR AIR QUALITY PARAMETERS • CHEMICAL CO2, CO, NO2, BTEX, HCHO, PM10 • PHYSICAL T, RH
SAMPLING METHODS • REAL-TIME MONITORING • T, RH, CO2, CO • PM • INTEGRATED (PASSIVE) SAMPLING • NO2 • BTEX, H2CO
QUALITY ASSURANCE • Protocolforfieldwork • Training and consultation • The sameportablemonitors and passivesamplers • Blanksamples • Passivesampleswerecollectedbythecountries and analysedbyonelaboratory • Samplestransportationwereperformedincompliancewiththesameprotocol
STATISTICAL RELATIONS BETWEEN CONCENTRATIONS AND INDOOR SOURCES
Facingthestreet: HCHO ↑ CO2 ↑ PM10↑outdoorsourcesornotenoughventillaton?- Freshpainting → HCHO ↑- Floor: woodorcarpet → HCHO ↑ PM10↑ - Classroomcrowdness → PM10↑