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World War II 1939-1945

World War II 1939-1945. Causes. Fascist Militarism &Aggression Appeasement at Munich Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact Germany Invades Poland. Hitler receives ovation after Munich Agreement. Czech Women, 1938. Phony War: 3 September 1939 -10 May 1940. Twilight War : Sitzkrieg.

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World War II 1939-1945

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  1. World War II 1939-1945

  2. Causes • Fascist Militarism &AggressionAppeasement at MunichMolotov-Ribbentrop PactGermany Invades Poland

  3. Hitler receives ovation after Munich Agreement

  4. Czech Women, 1938

  5. Phony War: 3 September 1939 -10 May 1940 Twilight War: Sitzkrieg

  6. German Military and Diplomatic Successes in the West1939-1941

  7. Germans Control Western Europe 5.10.40: 3 Front Assault: Nazi Invasion of Denmark, Norway, France (Sichelschnitt), Belgium, Luxembourg & the NetherlandsMay –June 1940: Evacuation of Dunkirk6.16.40: Germans enter Paris: Vichy Government signs armistice with Nazis

  8. German Success? • German doctrine/strategy • Flexibility, speed, leadership • Armored divisions • Sichelshnitt: sickle stroke • French Failure • Underestimated Germans through Ardennes forest • Doctrine had not changed from wwi (inflexible) • No back-up plan

  9. Evacuation of Dunkirk, June 1940

  10. Fortress Europe

  11. Nazi’s Enter Paris, June 1940

  12. War with Britain (1940-1941) • Battle of Britain • Battle for the Atlantic • Operation Sea Lion • German Blitzkrieg (42,000 civilians killed) • Rommel’s Afrika Korps

  13. German Blitzkrieg

  14. Rommel’s Afrika Korps The Desert Fox

  15. General Bernard Montgomery

  16. The Eastern Front Invasion and defeat of Yugoslavia and Greece Middle Eastern Campaign: Iraq, Syria and Lebanon Operation Barbarossa

  17. 1941: New Participants & Allied Expansion June 22 1941: Germans Invade Soviet Union(Russians occupy Poland & Baltics) December 11, 1941: Germany declares War on US

  18. Eastern Front • Early German successes • Wanted to avoid Napoleonic experience • Northern assault to Leningrad • Center assault Moscow • Southern assault through Ukraine to Stalingrad • Plan to attack on flanks and encircle Moscow • Germans began outdistancing supply lines • Hitler diverted troops to Center to drive for Moscow (Operation Typhoon) • Fall/Winter 1941 rain, cold • Germans reached outskirts of Moscow • Soviets launch massive counterattack

  19. Turning the Tide in the East

  20. Battles of Stalingrad & Kursk • Germans hadn’t achieved any of its goals • Summer 1942:Offensive in the South – oil fields, Stalingrad • Battle of Stalingrad (7/1942 - 2/1943) • 250,000 German troops surrendered • Summer 1943: Operation Citadel – encircle Kursk – turning point • One of the Largest Battles of WWII • Germans not capable of launching another offensive • Eastern Front essentially over

  21. Allied Successes • Operation Torch: Summer 1942 • North West African Invasion • Rommel, Patton (Bradley)& Montgomery • Operation Husky: Invasion of SicilyJune 1943 Italian Government collapses • Operation Overlord: D-Day • June 1944 Invasion of Normandy

  22. "Mes Amis", FDR said, "We come among you to repulse the cruel invaders — have faith in our words — help us where you are able— Vive La France eternelle".

  23. The soft underbelly of Europe Churchill

  24. Mussolini and his mistress are hanged in Milan

  25. June 1944

  26. Collaborators Punished!

  27. Allied Bombing Campaign • Winston Churchill, speech, 22nd June 1941.We shall bomb Germany by day as well as night in ever increasing measure, casting upon them month by month a heavier discharge of bombs, and making the German people taste and gulp each month a sharper dose of the miseries they have showered upon mankind. • Members of the RAF bombing crews became increasingly concerned about the morality of area bombing. Roy Akehurst was a wireless operator who took part in the raid on Dresden.It struck me at the time, the thought of the women and children down there. We seemed to fly for hours over a sheet of fire - a terrific red glow with thin haze over it. I found myself making comments to the crew: "Oh God, those poor people." It was completely uncalled for. You can't justify it.

  28. Firestorms

  29. Dresden, February 1945 est. 35,000 deaths

  30. Allied Conferences June 1943: Casablanca (FDR & Churchill) Unconditional German surrender November 1943: Tehran (Big 3)Planned invasion of Europe February 1945: Yalta (Big 3)Plans for postwar Europe July 1945: Potsdam (Truman & Atlee &Stalin)Japan’s unconditional surrender Beginning of Cold War Tensions…

  31. Tehran Conference

  32. Yalta Conference

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