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WORLD WAR II 1939-1945

WORLD WAR II 1939-1945. CAUSES & EFFECTS. CAUSES IN ASIA. Militaristic Japan was overcrowded and needed raw materials Japan invaded Manchuria (NE China, industrial) in 1931; Fighting through 1938. CAUSES IN EUROPE. Great Depression- Hitler blames Jews for economic troubles.

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WORLD WAR II 1939-1945

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  1. WORLD WAR II1939-1945 CAUSES & EFFECTS

  2. CAUSES IN ASIA • Militaristic Japan was overcrowded and needed raw materials • Japan invaded Manchuria (NE China, industrial) in 1931; Fighting through 1938

  3. CAUSES IN EUROPE • Great Depression- Hitler blames Jews for economic troubles

  4. CAUSES IN EUROPE • 1933 Nazis control government and begin persecuting Jews; “Final Solution”- policy of mass extermination of Jews enacted by 1939

  5. CAUSES IN EUROPE • Rise of Fascism in Germany and Italy • Fascism- emphasizes loyalty to the state, obedience to a leader, promise to revive economy, punish those who brought hard times, restore nation’s pride; extreme nationalism, uniforms common • Fascism is not a clearly defined theory or program • Mussolini in Italy; Hitler in Germany; Franco in Spain

  6. CAUSES IN EUROPE • Civil War in Spain- Hitler & Mussolini help Fascist leader Franco win • Hitler and Mussolini’s desire to expand empires/conquer land • Mussolini invaded Ethiopia

  7. CAUSES IN EUROPE • Germany, Italy, Japan became allies- Axis Powers • Hitler invaded the Rhineland (on French border), then Czechoslovakia; annexes Austria (Anschluss)

  8. CAUSES IN EUROPE • Munich conference failed to appease Hitler • Hitler invaded Poland (1939) • Cartoon- David Low, Evening Standard (10th October, 1938)

  9. WORLD WAR II (1939-1945) Allies (France, Great Britain, Soviet Union, U.S.) v. Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, Japan)

  10. WORLD WAR II (1939-1945) • 1939 Hitler (Germany) and Stalin (Soviet Union) sign a non-aggression pact- agreement to not fight each other (secretly agree to divide Poland) • 1939 Germany invades Poland (blitzkrieg); Britain and France declare war on Germany

  11. WORLD WAR II (1939-1945) • 1940 France surrenders- Nazis occupy France • Battle of Britain begins- Germany bombs Britain, fails to defeat Britain • 1941 Germany invades Soviet Union- Soviet Union joins Allies

  12. WORLD WAR II (1939-1945) • 1941 Japanese attack Pearl Harbor, Hawaii- U.S. enters war • 1942 Allies invaded North Africa • 1943 Germans surrendered at Stalingrad (Soviet Union)

  13. WORLD WAR II (1939-1945) • June 1944 D-Day - Allies invade France and defeat Germans • Dec. 1944 Battle of the Bulge- Allies invade and occupy Germany • Hitler died: http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,902253,00.html • May 1945 Germany surrenders- war ends in Europe

  14. WORLD WAR II (1939-1945) • Aug. 1945 U.S. drops atomic bombs on Japan- Hiroshima and Nagasaki • Sept. 1945 Japan surrenders- war ends in Asia

  15. EFFECTS • Holocaust- Six million Jews die in death camps and Nazi massacres

  16. EFFECTS • Japanese Americans are imprisoned in internment camps 1941-1946 (30,00+) • Atomic bombs in Japan kill 110,500 • 60 million dead total from war; 50 million uprooted from their homes • Billions of dollars in property damage

  17. EFFECTS • Communist Parties grow in France and Italy • Nuremberg Trials- charge 22 Nazi leaders with war crimes; 12 sentenced to death • U.S. occupies and demilitarizes Japan; Japan adopts new constitution

  18. EFFECTS • U.S. and the Soviet Union compete to influence and rebuild Europe • Cold War- period of conflict between U.S. and the Soviet Union 1949-1991

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