1 / 22

Patterns of Violent Crime in Russia

Patterns of Violent Crime in Russia. Natalia S. Gavrilova Leonid A. Gavrilov Victoria G. Semyonova Galina N. Evdokushkina Alla E. Ivanova Center on Aging, NORC/University of Chicago Central Research Public Health Institute, Moscow, Russia . List of Violent Crimes. Intentional Murder

jacob
Télécharger la présentation

Patterns of Violent Crime in Russia

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Patterns of Violent Crime in Russia Natalia S. Gavrilova Leonid A. Gavrilov Victoria G. Semyonova Galina N. Evdokushkina Alla E. Ivanova Center on Aging, NORC/University of Chicago Central Research Public Health Institute, Moscow, Russia

  2. List of Violent Crimes • Intentional Murder • Assault (simple and aggravated) Intentional Bodily Harm (light, medium, serious) in Russian Criminal Code • Rape/Sexual assault • Robbery (simple and aggravated) ‘Grabezh’ and ‘Razboy’ in Russian Criminal Code

  3. Data Resources on Violent Crime • Statistics of violent crimes registered by police (collected by the Russian Ministry of Interiors). Also submitted to the UN World Crime Surveys. • Statistics of arrestees collected by police. • Statistics of homicide mortality collected by Goskomstat. Submitted to the WHO. • Surveys of prison inmates. • Victimization surveys. International Crime Victimization Surveys (conducted in Moscow).

  4. Trends of Intentional Murders in Russia and the United StatesData from the UN World Crime Surveys

  5. Trends of Reported Rapes in Russia and the United StatesData from the UN World Crime Surveys

  6. Trends of Reported Robberies in Russia and the United StatesData from the UN World Crime Surveys

  7. Crime Reporting (%) in Russia and the United StatesData from the International Crime Victimization Survey

  8. Annual Victimization Rates (%) in Five Countries in 1996

  9. Annual Victimization Rates (%) for Non-Fatal Crimes in Moscow.

  10. Mean Age of Offenders in PrisonsData from the 1999 Survey of Penal Population

  11. Trends in Homicide Rates for Young and Middle-Aged AdultsData from Russian Vital Statistics Males Females

  12. Trends in Homicide Male-Female Ratio for Young and Middle-Aged Adults in Russia

  13. Age Profile of Male Homicide Mortality in Russia

  14. Age Profile of Female Homicide Mortality in Russia

  15. Number of Serious Crimes in 1995 per 10,000 PopulationData from the WebAtlas Project (http://sci.aha.ru/ATL)

  16. Proportion of Sexual Crimes in All Serious Crimes in 1995 Data from the WebAtlas Project (http://sci.aha.ru/ATL)

  17. Top Five Causes of Male External Mortality in 2001

  18. Age Profiles of Mortality from Accidental Poisoning by AlcoholData from Russian Vital Statistics Males Females

  19. We Need a Multivariate Analysis of Violent Crime • Pridemore W.A. (2000). Social Structure and Homicide in Post-Soviet Russia. A Dissertation. School of Criminal Justice, SUNY, Albany, NY. • Andrienko Y. (2001). Understanding the crime growth in Russia during the transition period: A criminometric approach. HSE Economic Journal, 5(2): 194-220. • Fajnzylber P., Lederman D., Loayza N. (2002). What causes violent crime? European Economic Review, 46: 1323-1357.

  20. Factors Related to Homicide Dynamics in RussiaAccording to the Study by Andrienko, 2001 Positively Related Factors: • Criminal experience (one-year lag of homicide rate) • Percentage of Youth • Alcohol Consumption • Income inequality (Gini coefficient), • Consumption of Illicit Drugs • Geographical Lattitude and Longitude Negatively Related Factors: • Education • Police Efficiency (Police Clearance Rate) • Unemployment (!?), Real Income, Net Nuptiality

  21. Conclusions (I) • The rates of violent crimes increased during the transition period in Russia (perhaps with the exception of rapes). Homicide has became the top cause of external mortality for women in Russia. • Patterns of violent crime in Russia are strongly affected by age and sex. Homicide risk is the highest at middle ages – 30-55 years. The use of aggregated indices, which ignore age and sex structure could be misleading. • Both homicide victims and offenders are on average older in Russia than in the United States.

  22. Conclusions (II) • Regional pattern of homicide mortality shows West-East and South-North (European part of Russia) gradient of homicide mortality. • Alcohol is still an important factor of violent crime and homicide in particular. However, the role of alcohol as a factor of violent crime is declining. • Economic and structural changes during the transition period (increase in poverty and income inequality, decline in GDP) appears to be important factors of violent crime and will largely determine the future direction of violent crime in Russia. However these trends may be partially alleviated by population aging.

More Related