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Reviving the Electric Car History 1911 Baker Electric 1902 Woods Electric Phaeton 1832 Robert Anderson invents a non-rechargeable electric carriage. 1835 Thomas Davenport builds the first practical electric vehicle and receiving a patent for the first electric motor in 1837.
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History 1911 Baker Electric 1902 Woods Electric Phaeton • 1832 Robert Anderson invents a non-rechargeable electric carriage. • 1835 Thomas Davenport builds the first practical electric vehicle and receiving a patent for the first electric motor in 1837. • 1859 French physicist Gaston Planté invents the rechargeable lead-acid battery. • 1891 William Morrison of Des Moines, Iowa builds the first successful electric automobile in the United States. • 1900 One-third of all cars found on the roads of New York City, Boston, and Chicago are electric.
History • 1908 Henry Ford introduces the gasoline-powered Model T. • 1912Charles Kettering invents the electric automobile starter. Eliminating the need for a hand crank starter on gasoline powered vehicles. • 1972 Victor Wouk builds the first full-size hybrid vehicle • 1974 Vanguard-Sebring's CitiCar is introduced it has a top speed of 30 mph and a 40 mile range. • 1975 The U.S. Postal Service purchases 350 electric delivery jeeps from AM General. Victor Wouk with 1972 Buick Skylark Hybrid 1975 Sebring-Vanguard-CitiCar
History 1996Saturn EV1 • 1996 General Motors Saturn EV1 is released. • 1997 Toyota introduces the Prius, the first mass-produced hybrid. • 2003 General Motors announces that it will not renew leases on the EV1. • 2007 General Motors unveils the Chevrolet Volt concept car. • 2008 Tesla Motors begins production of the Tesla Roadster Chevrolet Volt Concept Car
1904 Baker Electric Stanhope • Horsepower – 1.75 • Top Speed – 14 mph • 3 Speed Transmission • Range – 40 miles • Weight – 975 lbs • Shaft drive • $1600
1975 Sebring-Vanguard CitiCar • Horsepower – 3.5 • Top Speed – 44 mph • 3 Speed Transmission • Range – 50 miles • Weight – 1475 lbs • Direct Drive • Full charge in 6 hours • $3500
1998 Saturn EV1 • Horsepower – 137 • Top Speed – 80 mph (regulated) • Range – 75 to 130 miles • Weight – 3084 lbs • Full charge in 6 hours • $33,995 ($349 per month lease)
Tesla Roadster • Horsepower – 248 • Top Speed – 125 mph • 2 Speed Transmission • Range – 220 miles • Full charge in 3.5 hrs (with 70 amp home charging station) • Shaft Drive • Weight – 2690 lbs • $109,000 (2009)
Tesla RoadsterFactory Options • Premium Audio Package $2,000 • Custom seats $2,500 • Painted Carbon Fiber Hard Top/Exposed Carbon Fiber Hard Top $3,200/$5,000 • Metallic or Premium Exterior Paint $500/$1,000 • High Power Connector: 40 amp/70 amp $1,500/$2,000 • Mobile Connector $1,200 • Fully loaded- $122,700
Tesla RoadsterPerformance • Continuous Torque • 0-60 in 3.9 seconds • 125 mph top speed
6,831 Lithium Ion batteries (laptop) Each cell is independent 100,000 mile life expectancy Non-hazardous waste Recyclable Accounts for $20,000 of the cost of the vehicle Tesla RoadsterBattery Technology
Per Mile Cost • At $.06 US per KWh, a battery-powered car costs $.02-$.03 per mile on grid electricity Tesla Roadster cost is calculated using average winter/summer PG&E schedule E-9 off-peak “rate A” tariff, as of March 1, 2007.
Tesla Roadster Energy Efficiency- Solar “…the panels produce about $3,200 worth of transportation fuel plus about $600 worth of home energy, for a total of about $3,800 per year.”- Martin Eberhard
Tesla RoadsterMaintenance • 12,000 miles/12 months • Reduced Maintenance • No motor oil or oil filters to change • No smog equipment to check • No air filters to replace • No power steering fluids to refill
Tesla Business Model • Electric vehicle technology without sacrificing performance or style. • Competitive price point with other “supercars”. • High end technology can be optimized and reused on more accessible vehicles. • Plans for WhiteStar sedan are in the works.
Obstacles • Start-up car company • Lithium Ion battery costs • Range concerns • Price and consumer acceptance • Market