youtube/watch?v=OAm7gRXFiRo

1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OAm7gRXFiRo

2. SPEECH AND LANGUAGE DISORDERS Todd Adlem Jennifer Chan Anna Chang Sylver Wong

3. Types of Speech Disorders • Articulation • Phonological • Motor Speech

4. Four Types of Articulation Errors

5. Causes of Problems in Phonological System • Can be physical or functional • Environment • May be related to neurological or neuromuscular activities • Physical causes of speech problems: hearing loss, cleft palate, dental malformations, tumors • Brain damage and neurological problems may cause verbal apraxia and dysarthria

6. When Is It a Serious Problem? • Take note of how understandable student speech is • Consider how many different errors student makes • Observe whether the articulation errors cause student problems in socialization or adjustment • Consider whether problems are due to physical problems

7. Voice Disorder • Related to volume, quality or pitch • 2 types of voice disorders: • Phonation • Resonance

8. Causes • Vocal abuse and misuse (shouting, screaming), trauma to larynx from accidents or medical procedures, congenital malformations of larynx, modules or tumors • Disorders caused by abuse or misuse are common and can be preventable in school age children • Affects boys more than girls • Physical Problems: physical trauma to larynx, cancer and others may cause voice disorder but these situations are rare.

9. Fluency • Pattern of the rate and flow of a person’s speech • Problems: • Related to stressful or demanding situations • Stuttering • Pronounced interruption of normal speech • Affects 4-8% of school age children • Caused by: language development, motor skills, personality and environment

10. Classroom Adaptations • Build positive classroom climate • Help student learn to monitor own speech • Work with Peers or Parents • Teach students their own strategies

11. How is a language disorder different from a speech disorder?

12. A language disorder may involve... • The Form of Language • The Content of Language • The Function of Language

13. Form of Language • Phonology: sounds of language • Morphology: structure of words • Syntax: order of words • Contents of Language • Semantics: meaning of words • Function of Language • Pragmatics: rules of language in social contexts

14. Causes of Language Disorders • Medical Problems • Brain Trauma • Hearing Loss • Or can have no known cause • May be hereditary

15. Indicators of Language Impairments • Primary Grades • Problems following verbal directions • Difficulties with pre-academic skills • Difficulties with structural analysis • Problems learning new Material • Intermediate Grades • Difficulties with word substitutions • Inadequate language processing and production

16. Teacher can also check for linguistic, social, emotional and academic problems.

17. Classroom Adaptations and Accommodations for Students with Language Disorders • Improve Students' Comprehension in the Classroom • Give Students Opportunities for Facilitative Play • Encourage Students to Talk with Their Teachers and Peers • Use Naturalistic Techniques and Simulated Real-Life Activities • Develop Student's Conversational Skills through Story Reading • Use Music and Play Games to Improve Writing • Arrange Your Classroom for Effective Interactions • Use Challenging Games with Older Students • Modify Strategies to Develop Students' Learning Tools • Work Collaboratively With Speech-Language Pathologists • Use Storytelling and Process Writing

18. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ou8JFvWhxIM