Cell Organelles and Functions Explained

1. Parts of a Cell

2. Review - The Cell Theory • All living things are made of cells. • Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. • Living cells come only from other living cells.

3. Cell Organelles • Cells are made up of organelles, which are like tiny organs, each with its own job. • We can compare organelles to parts of a city, to understand the job the organelle does.

4. Organelles in a Plant Cell Organelles in an Animal Cell What do all these structures do anyway??!!?

5. Cell Function sheet • The sheet, Cell Structures and Functions, has a chart with • Notes to write about all organelles found in animal and plant cells, • Columns to check off if it is found in an animal cell, or plant cell, or both. • A box for a picture clue of something found in a city to help remember the function.

6. Here come the organelles…!

7. Cell Wall • Plant cells only • Give plants their shape, structure, support, and protection • Surrounds the cell membrane • Allows H2O, O2, and CO2, to pass in and out of the cell

8. Cell Membrane • A continuous, almost invisible structure surrounding the cell • Supports & protects the cell • Controls movement of materials in and out of the cell

9. Nucleus • The cell’s computer, brain, or manager. Uses DNA to control the cell’s activity • Contains all the information the cell needs to do specific jobs, grow, and divide • Information is stored in DNA molecules • Contains the nucleolus which makes ribosomes • Determines what proteins will be made

10. Nuclear Membrane • Protects and guards the nucleus. Allows materials to pass in and out. • Keeps the DNA inside the nucleus • Allows other materials to pass in and out of the nucleus

11. Cytoplasm • The cell’s environment or inner space. • Mostly made of water and contains organelles • The jellylike material outside the cell nucleus.

12. Chloroplasts • Plant cells only • Uses energy from the sun to make food for the plant through photosynthesis • Where photosynthesis takes place • Power generator for the plant • Give plants their green color

13. Mitochondria • Powerhouse of the cell. Supplies energy that the cell needs. • Breaks down sugar molecules into energy • Need oxygen to make energy and give off carbon dioxide as waste

14. Ribosomes • Produces protein which is the Product of the cell • Cells need protein to survive and grow Protein Protein

15. Vacuoles • Storage bubbles found in cells. • Much larger in plant cells.Store food or nutrients a cell might need to survive. • Store waste products so the rest of the cell is protected from contamination.

16. Golgi Bodies Packs • Packs and carries proteins in little bubbles that separate and float into the cytoplasm. • Prepares the proteins for use or delivery outside the cell

17. Endoplasmic Reticulum (E.R.) • Transportation system of the cell. Carries material through the cell. • Rough ER has ribosomes attached to it so the proteins they make can be released directly into the ER for transport • Smooth ER collects things and contains them

18. Lysosomes • Cell’s recycler. Breaks down large food and digests old cell parts. • Contains enzymes which break down the proteins

19. OBSERVE The Differences between Animal & Plant Cells