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The Korean War (1950-1953): A Conflict Driven by Cold War Tensions

The Korean War, lasting from 1950 to 1953, was a pivotal conflict borne out of Cold War divisions. After WWII, Korea was divided at the 38th parallel, leading to increased tensions between Soviet-backed North Korea and U.S.-backed South Korea. On June 25, 1950, North Korea invaded, quickly taking control. The U.S., under General MacArthur, launched a counter-offensive, but the war soon reached a stalemate by January 1951. Cease-fire negotiations began in 1951, culminating in a cessation of hostilities in July 1953 with no territorial changes and significant casualties for both sides.

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The Korean War (1950-1953): A Conflict Driven by Cold War Tensions

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  1. The Korean War 1950-1953

  2. Conflict in Korea • In 1945, Korea was a colony of Japan. After WWII it was divided at the 38th parallel, with the Soviets controlling the North and the United States controlling the South. • Both nations removed their forces in 1949, but Korea remained divided and tensions were high between the two Koreas. • On June 25, 1950 North Korea crossed into South Korea. In a matter of days Communist North Korea had taken control of South Korea.

  3. Response • The U.N. sent in a special forces team under the United State’s direction. Truman appointed General Douglas MacArthur to command the forces. • MacArthur and his troops pushed North Korea back across the 38th parallel by October 1, 1950. • Feeling confident, the U.S. then tried to invade North Korea. China took up for North Korea and pushed the U.S. back across the border.

  4. Leadership Divided • By January 1951 the war had become a stalemate. This means that neither side was able to gain much ground or achieve a clear victory. This lasted for nearly 2 years with bitter fighting along the 38th parallel. • The two sides began negotiating in July 1951. A cease-fire was signed July 27, 1953. There was no change in territory and there had been tremendous losses. • This war sent a clear message to the Soviet Union: The U.S. was committed to fighting Communist expansion.

  5. Picture by U.S. soldier, South Korea, 1951

  6. Map of Korea during Korean War

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