Global Warming is Happening NOW:

Slide 2:Global Warming is Happening NOW: In our December, 2005 waiver submittal we provided cites to much of the overwhelming evidence on this point. Unfortunately for the planet, the evidence has only grown stronger, as the recent definitive consensus of the world�s leading scientists confirms: �warming of the climate system is unequivocal��In our December, 2005 waiver submittal we provided cites to much of the overwhelming evidence on this point. Unfortunately for the planet, the evidence has only grown stronger, as the recent definitive consensus of the world�s leading scientists confirms: �warming of the climate system is unequivocal��

Slide 4:Lyell Glacier Yosemite National Park The world�s glaciers and high mountain snows are melting, including this one in California. The world�s glaciers and high mountain snows are melting, including this one in California.

Slide 5:North American Impacts Projected Water Impacts: �Warming in western mountains is projected to cause decreased snowpack, more winter flooding, and reduced summer flows, exacerbating competition for over-allocated water resources.� IPCC, Summary for Policymakers, Working Group II Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report, April, 2007 *Very High Confidence in the IPCC AR4 is defined as greater than 9 out of ten chance of occurrence The IPPC projects North American impacts particularly troubling for California: �Warming in western mountains is projected to cause decreased snowpack, more winter flooding, and reduced summer flows, exacerbating competition for over-allocated water resources.� The IPPC projects North American impacts particularly troubling for California: �Warming in western mountains is projected to cause decreased snowpack, more winter flooding, and reduced summer flows, exacerbating competition for over-allocated water resources.�

Slide 6:North American Impacts Projected (cont�d) Fire & Pest Impacts: �Disturbances from pests, diseases, and fire are projected to have increasing impacts on forests, with an extended period of high fire risk and large increases in area burned. � Fire and pest impacts are also of great concern in Western states.Fire and pest impacts are also of great concern in Western states.

Slide 7:Wildfires Frequency increased four fold in last 30 years.

Slide 8: North American Impacts Projected (cont�d) More heat waves will directly impact the human population and exacerbate both ozone and greenhouse problems with increased emissions to power more air conditioning in response. More heat waves will directly impact the human population and exacerbate both ozone and greenhouse problems with increased emissions to power more air conditioning in response.

Slide 9:One condition clearly addressed in early Clean Air Act enactments is California�s topography and climate as they affect smog. This chart shows how the higher temperatures we can expect from global warming increase smog. Again, California�s high human and vehicular population � additional early Congressional concerns in enacting the waiver statute � remain chronic California conditions.One condition clearly addressed in early Clean Air Act enactments is California�s topography and climate as they affect smog. This chart shows how the higher temperatures we can expect from global warming increase smog. Again, California�s high human and vehicular population � additional early Congressional concerns in enacting the waiver statute � remain chronic California conditions.

Slide 10: North American Impacts Projected (cont�d) Coastal Impacts : �Coastal communities and habitats will be increasingly stressed by climate change impacts interacting with development and pollution. Population growth and the rising value of infrastructure in coastal areas increase vulnerability to climate variability and future climate change, with losses projected to increase if the intensity of tropical storms increases. Current adaptation is uneven and readiness for increased exposure is low.� And California, with the most coastline in the lower 48 states, stands to suffer heavy impacts from projected sea level rise and increased storm intensity. And California, with the most coastline in the lower 48 states, stands to suffer heavy impacts from projected sea level rise and increased storm intensity.

Slide 11:We can Choose our Emissions Future(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Emission Scenarios)

Slide 12:We can Choose our Emissions Future(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Emission Scenarios)

Slide 19:Increase in Wildfires Wetter winters create more plant fuel to burn in the fall. Hotter, drier summers mean drier forest vegetation. As a result, the risk of large wildfires* statewide would rise 35% by mid-century and 55% by the end of the century under a medium-high greenhouse gas emissions scenario, almost twice that expected under the lower, and unfortunately best-case, emissions scenario. Both are shown here. If increased wildfires weren�t an extraordinary condition in their own right, particulates and other emissions from increasing wildfires will further exacerbate the health impacts from increased smog projected from higher temperatures. And decreasing snow melt and water supply are clearly related to California�s climatic conditions, generally, which were an early Congressional concern. I�ve mentioned impacts that relate to the California conditions that Congress clearly addressed in creating the waiver provision. {* (Defined as 200 hectares = about 500 acres) } Wetter winters create more plant fuel to burn in the fall. Hotter, drier summers mean drier forest vegetation. As a result, the risk of large wildfires* statewide would rise 35% by mid-century and 55% by the end of the century under a medium-high greenhouse gas emissions scenario, almost twice that expected under the lower, and unfortunately best-case, emissions scenario. Both are shown here. If increased wildfires weren�t an extraordinary condition in their own right, particulates and other emissions from increasing wildfires will further exacerbate the health impacts from increased smog projected from higher temperatures. And decreasing snow melt and water supply are clearly related to California�s climatic conditions, generally, which were an early Congressional concern. I�ve mentioned impacts that relate to the California conditions that Congress clearly addressed in creating the waiver provision. {* (Defined as 200 hectares = about 500 acres) }

Slide 20:Even at the low to mid-range projections for global warming temperature increases, California faces dozens of extra unhealthy smog days that Congress clearly intended our motor vehicle program as a whole to address. Since greenhouse gas emissions indirectly exacerbate smog, the justification for regulating hydrocarbons and NOx also applies here to regulating greenhouse gases.Even at the low to mid-range projections for global warming temperature increases, California faces dozens of extra unhealthy smog days that Congress clearly intended our motor vehicle program as a whole to address. Since greenhouse gas emissions indirectly exacerbate smog, the justification for regulating hydrocarbons and NOx also applies here to regulating greenhouse gases.

Slide 21:Rising TemperatureEnd of Century Increases(Summer Average)

Slide 22:Rising TemperatureEMISSIONS MATTER!

Slide 23:Questions??