Innovative BMPs for Stormwater & TMDL Compliance

1. ? Innovative BMPs for Stormwater & TMDL Compliance December 3, 2012 Laurel Woodworth Center for Watershed Protection

2. Center for Watershed Protection Non-profit 501(c)3, non-advocacy organization founded in 1992 Work with watershed groups, local, state and federal governments Provide tools to communities to protect lakes, rivers, streams, and estuaries 20 staff in Ellicott City, MD; Field Offices in Charlottesville, VA & Ithaca, NY www.cwp.org

3. Trib of Blackwater Creek - Lynchburg

4. Existing IC New IC

5. Menu of Practices • Green Roof • Impervious Disconnection • Raintanks & Cisterns • Permeable Pavement • Grass Channels • Bioretention • Water Quality Swale • Stormwater Wetland • Extended Detention Pond • Infiltration • Soil Amendments • Filtering Devices • Wet Pond • Riparian Buffer Graphic from Oxford, NC “Keeping it Clean Downstream”

6. Stormwater BMP Profiles What is it?What does it do? How does it perform? • Reducing runoff quantity • Cost effectiveness • Removing phosphorus • Providing multiple benefits

7. Raintanks & Cisterns • Collect water from rooftops (and other surfaces) • Reuse for outdoor & indoor uses Charlottesville – 6th Street Urban Farm Reduce Runoff Cost Water Quality Multiple Benefits

9. Permeable Pavement • Use paver blocks or special concrete or asphalt that allow water to pass through. • Can infiltrate or filter runoff, and also treat runoff from other parking areas. Charlottesville – Belmont BBQ Parking Area Albemarle County Office Building Reduce Runoff Cost Water Quality Multiple Benefits

10. Impervious Disconnection • Make sure rooftop & driveway water does not go directly to storm drains or streams • Direct flow to areas where it can be collected, absorbed, infiltrated Guildford Farm, Greene County Reduce Runoff Cost Water Quality Multiple Benefits

11. Bioretention • Also known as “rain garden” • Water filters through special soil mix, organic matter, and vegetation • Can be used in parking lot islands, as part of open space, or on lots Monticello High School Reduce Runoff Cost Water Quality Multiple Benefits

12. Albemarle County Office Building

13. Infiltration • Engineered trench where water collects and percolates into the ground • Often limited by poor soils or shallow bedrock Sanitation District #1 of Northern KY Reduce Runoff Cost Water Quality Multiple Benefits

15. Filtering Device • Engineered structure where water filters through sand or another media • Sometimes used at gas stations or other pollution “hotspots” • Often in an underground vault Gas station in Crozet Reduce Runoff Cost Water Quality Multiple Benefits

16. Target - Charlottesville

17. Extended Detention Pond • Modified stormwater basin that allows some water to pond temporarily so that pollutants can settle out • Also used to control downstream flooding • Most common stormwater practice in our area (and across the country) Neighborhood basin in Albemarle Reduce Runoff Cost Water Quality Multiple Benefits

18. Stormwater Wetland • Basin with areas of marsh and open water designed to remove pollutants Ivy Creek School, Albemarle County Reduce Runoff Cost Water Quality Multiple Benefits

19. New and Re-Development Compliance: VA Stormwater On the internet: VIRGINIA BMP CLEARINGHOUSE

20. Retrofits: Chesapeake Bay TMDL Traditional Practices Achieve at least 25% reduction of annual runoff volume

21. Also: Total Nitrogen & Sediment EPA’s Chesapeake Bay Program: Recommendations of the Expert Panel to Define Removal Rates for Urban Stormwater Retrofit Projects

22. Compacted Soils

23. Restoring Compacted Soils to Reduce Runoff Jeremy Balousek, P.E. Dane County Land and Water Resources Department Madison, Wisconsin

24. Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI

25. Plot Treatments • Control – plot only seeded and mulched. • Deep till – plot deep tilled 3 feet deep, 5 foot spacing. • Chisel plow – plot deep tilled and chisel plowed 12 inches deep. • Compost – plot deep tilled, chisel plowed, and 3 inches of compost amended to topsoil.

26. upslope diversion dumping bucket runoff gauge 8 x 12 foot plots on uniform 10% slope

27. Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI

28. Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI

29. Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI

30. No Treatment Deep Tilled 8 days after seeding Chisel Plowed Compost Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI

31. No Treatment Deep Tilled 32 days after seeding Chisel Plowed Compost Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI

32. No Treatment Deep Tilled 53 days after seeding Chisel Plowed Compost Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI

33. 90 days after seeding Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI

34. Cumulative Runoff +19% -39% -88%

35. Paper: QUANTIFYING DECREASES IN STORMWATER RUNOFF FROM DEEP TILLING, CHISEL PLOWING, AND COMPOST-AMENDMENT (Balousek, 2003)

36. The Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership Visit: www.chesapeakestormwater.net Created to deliver targeted training on new tools and practices to improve the quality of stormwater runoff.

37. Contact INFO: Laurel Woodworth (434) 293-5793 Charlottesville, VA lw@cwp.org www.cwp.org