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Gov’t Restricts Native Americans

Gov’t Restricts Native Americans. U.S. gov’t created treaties restricting Native Americans to reservations 1834: entire Great Plains 1850s: specific boundaries for each tribe But, most Native Americans cont’d to use traditional lands. Declining Reservation Lands, p. 411.

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Gov’t Restricts Native Americans

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  1. Gov’t Restricts Native Americans • U.S. gov’t created treaties restricting Native Americans to reservations • 1834: entire Great Plains • 1850s: specific boundaries for each tribe • But, most Native Americans cont’d to use traditional lands

  2. Declining Reservation Lands, p. 411

  3. Clashes between Native Americans and others • Sand Creek Massacre, Nov 29, 1864 • Col. Chivington and troops attacked group of 700 Cheyenne and Arapaho, killing ~150 people • Red River War, 1874-75 • Friendly tribes placed on reservations • U.S. army fought ppl who resisted/cont’d raiding • Battle of Little Big Horn, June 1876 • Gen Custer and troops attacked Sitting Bull’s camp • Crazy Horse, Gall, Sitting Bull led attack • Custer and Co. outnumbered and killed

  4. Assimilation • Dawes Act, 1887 • Divided reservation land among individual Native Americans • 160 acres to families • 80 acres to individuals • Sold remaining land to settlers • Money supposed to go to Native Americans did not • Loss of the buffalo • 1800: 65 million buffalo on plains • 1890: fewer than 1000 buffalo

  5. Ghost Dance and Battle of Wounded Knee • Ghost Dance religion • a response to poverty and disease Native Americans suffered • U.S. military/gov’t feared uprising, attempted to dismantle religion • Many Sioux practiced Ghost Dance • Sitting Bull killed by arresting officers Dec. 1890 • Dec 28, 1890 7thCalvery gathered 350 Sioux • Brought to Wounded Knee Creek, SD • Dec 29th, demanded Sioux surrender weapons • One shot fired, army fired on Sioux, killing ~300 ppl • Ended armed wars between Indians and U.S. • Ended Ghost Dance religion

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