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PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS

PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS. DR. ARRA PSY 202. Psychological Disorders. Psychopathology – refers to patterns of thought, feeling, or behavior that disrupt a person’s sense of well-being or social or occupational functioning What is ‘normal’??? DSM - IV. Psychological Disorders.

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PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS

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  1. PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS DR. ARRA PSY 202

  2. Psychological Disorders Psychopathology – refers to patterns of thought, feeling, or behavior that disrupt a person’s sense of well-being or social or occupational functioning • What is ‘normal’??? • DSM - IV

  3. Psychological Disorders Identifying Abnormal Behavior • Statistical Infrequency • Disability or Dysfunction • Personal Distress • Violation of Societal Norms

  4. Psychological Disorders Insanity – legal term applied when people cannot be held responsible for their actions or allowed to manage their own affairs because of mental illness

  5. Psychological Disorders THEORIES • Diathesis-stress model – people with an underlying predisposition (genetic) may become symptomatic under stressful circumstances • Systems approach – attempt to explain a person’s behavior in the context of the social group (family, couple, larger social system)

  6. Psychological Disorders • Family Systems Model – suggests that symptoms of an individual are really symptoms of dysfunction in a family

  7. Psychological Disorders DSM – IV • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV • Published by the American Psychiatric Association • Basis for descriptive diagnosis

  8. Psychological Disorders • Axis I – clinical disorders • Axis II – personality disorders and MR • Axis III – relevant medical conditions • Axis IV – psychosocial and environmental problems • Axis V – Global assessment of functioning 0-100

  9. Psychological Disorders How diagnosis occurs • Differential Diagnosis • Exclusionary Model

  10. Psychological Disorders What assessment tools/techniques are used? • Clinical Interviews • Observations • Standardized Tests, Checklists, Questionnaires • Projectives/ Subjective Assessments • Medical history • School/Work history • Family history

  11. Psychological Disorders SOME CLINICAL DISORDERS (Axis – I) • ADHD • Schizophrenia individuals loose touch with reality + symptoms = hallucinations, delusions - symptoms = flat affect, poor social skills highly genetic brain disease

  12. Psychological Disorders AXIS – I • Dysthymic Disorder • Major Depression • Bipolar • Phobias • OCD

  13. Psychological Disorders AXIS II MR Personality Disorders • Chronic and severe disturbances that inhibit the capacity to love and work • Enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individuals culture; is pervasive and inflexible

  14. Psychological Disorders • Paranoid Personality Disorder: a pattern of distrust and suspiciousness such that others’ motives are interpreted as malevolent • Schizoid Personality Disorder: a pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression • Schizotypal Personality Disorder: a pattern of acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and eccentricities in behavior

  15. Psychological Disorders • Antisocial Personality Disorder: a pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others • Borderline Personality Disorder: a pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, affects, and marked impulsivity • Histrionic Personality Disorder: a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking

  16. Psychological Disorders • Narcissistic Personality Disorder: a pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy • Avoidant Personality Disorder: a pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation • Dependent Personality Disorder: a pattern of submissive and clinging behavior related to an excessive need to be taken care of

  17. Psychological Disorders • Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder: a pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control

  18. Psychological Disorders Axis III – General Medical Conditions Axis IV – Psychosocial and environmental problems Axis V - Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) 1-100

  19. Psychological Disorders Dissociative Disorders • Characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, sense of identity, or perception of the environment • DID • Dissociative Fugue

  20. Psychological Disorders Eating Disorders • Anorexia Nervosa – distorted body image; efforts to lose weight that lead to dangerously low body weight • Bulimia – characterized by a binge-purge syndrome

  21. Psychological Disorders Disorders usually diagnosed in childhood or adolescence • ADHD • ODD • CD • Anxiety Disorders

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