Section 2-1

1. The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance Main Ideas • The most important intellectual movement associated with the Renaissance was humanism.  • The Renaissance produced many great artists and sculptors such as Michelangelo, Raphael, and Leonardo da Vinci.  Key Terms • humanism  • fresco Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-1

2. The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance People to Identify • Petrarch  • Jan van Eyck  • Albrecht Dürer  • Dante  • Michelangelo  Places to Locate • Canterbury  • Flanders Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-2

3. The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance Preview Questions • What were the characteristics of Italian Renaissance humanism?  • What were the chief achievements of European Renaissance painters? Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-3

4. The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance Preview of Events Section 2-4

5. Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Section 2-5

6. The first recorded patent for an industrial invention was granted in 1421 in Florence to the architect Filippo Brunelleschi. The patent gave him a three-year monopoly on the manufacture of a barge with hoisting gear used to transport marble. Section 2-6

7. Italian Renaissance Humanism • The changes of the Renaissance was most apparent in its intellectual & artistic movements. • One intellectual movement was humanism. • Humanism was based on the classics, the literary works of ancient Greece and Rome. • Humanists studied the subjects that are now known as the humanities - poetry, philosophy, & history. • Petrarch generated a movement of finding forgotten Latin manuscripts, especially in monastic libraries. • He emphasized using pure classical Latin (Roman Latin, not medieval Latin). (pages 164–165) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-7

8. Italian Renaissance Humanism (cont.) • 14th cent humanists emphasized that the intellectual life was solitary, rejecting family & community. • Humanists of the early 1400s believed that the humanities and humanists should serve the state. (pages 164–165) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-9

9. Italian Renaissance Humanism (cont.) What might have been the effect on many people of the new study of the classics and the humanities? People felt freed from the constrictions of medieval life and felt a new sense of discovery and self-reliance. (pages 164–165) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer. Section 2-10

10. Vernacular Literature • Some writers wrote in the language of their regions, such as Italian, English, or French. • In the 14th cent, the Italian works of Dante and the English works of Geoffrey Chaucer helped make such vernacular literature more popular. • Dante’s vernacular masterpiece is the Divine Comedy. • The poem’s three parts follow Dante on an imaginary journey Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven • Chaucer’s most famous vernacular work is The Canterbury Tales. • This collection of stories is told by a group of 29 pilgrims going to Canterbury. (page 165) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-11

11. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy • Renaissance artists tried to imitate nature in their works. • Many of the artistic breakthroughs occurred in Florence. • Masaccio’s 15th cent frescoes are considered the first masterpieces of early Renaissance art (1400–1490). • A fresco is a painting done on wet plaster with water-based paints. • Unlike the flat figures of medieval painting, Masaccio’s figures have depth because he used the laws of perspective to create the illusion of three dimensions (pages 166–168) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-21

12. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy (cont.) • The realism of perspective became a signature of Renaissance painting. • The realistic portrayal of individual persons, especially the human nude, became one of the chief aims of Italian Renaissance art. • There were similar stunning advances in sculpture. • Donatello modeled his figures on Greek and Roman statues. • Among his most famous works is the realistic, freestanding figure of Saint George. (pages 166–168) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-23

13. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy (cont.) • The last stage of Renaissance painting is called the High Renaissance (1490–1520). • The artistic giants Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo dominated this period. • Leonardo mastered realistic painting, but his goal was to create idealized forms to capture the perfection of nature and the individual. • By age 25, Raphael was recognized as one of Italy’s greatest painters. • His madonnas were especially admired. • His famous fresco, School of Athens, reveals a world of balance, harmony, and order - the underlying principles of classical art. (pages 166–168) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-26

14. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy (cont.) • Michelangelo was an accomplished painter, sculptor, and architect known for his great passion and energy. • His paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome show the beauty of an idealized human being who reflects divine beauty. • The more beautiful the body, the more godlike the figure. (pages 166–168) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-28

15. Checking for Understanding Define Match each definition in the left column with the appropriate term in the right column. __ 1. a painting done on fresh, wet plaster with water-based paints __ 2. an intellectual movement of the Renaissance based on the study of the humanities, which included grammar, rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy, and history A. humanism B. fresco B A Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answers. Section 2-34

16. Checking for Understanding Compare the underlying principles of both classical Greek and Roman art with Italian Renaissance art. How are the principles similar? How are they different? Like Renaissance art, both classical Greek and Roman art display balance, harmony, and order; unlike Greek and Roman art, Renaissance art portrays a human reflection of the divine. Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer. Section 2-36

17. Critical Thinking Compare and Contrast How do the humanist goals and philosophy of education developed during the Renaissance compare with the goals of your high school education? Section 2-37

18. Analyzing Visuals Compare the paintings of Raphael and Dürer, shown on page 168 and 169 of your textbook. What themes does each artist explore? How does each painting reflect the history of the culture in which it was produced? Raphael’s painting shows philosophy and antiquity. It also reflects the Renaissance interest in antiquity. Dürer’s painting is religious. Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer. Section 2-38

19. Close Recognize the impact of the art masterpieces that were created during this time and that it was wealthy Italian families and the Catholic Church who were the primary sponsors of Renaissance Art. Section 2-39