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Understanding Acid-Base Reactions in Chemistry

Learn about the reactions of acids with neutralizers, such as adding lime to acidic soil to adjust pH levels. Equations like Acid + Alkali -> Salt + Water are explored. Understand the formation of salts and water in different acid-base reactions, distinguishing between acids, alkalis, and bases. Discover the types of substances involved in neutralizing acids and creating alkalis.

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Understanding Acid-Base Reactions in Chemistry

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  1. Topic 9 Reactions of Acids L Forsyth – St Thomas Aquinas Secondary

  2. Neutralisation • the reaction of acids with neutralisers • e.g adding lime to acidic soil • moves the pH of an acid towards 7 • moves the pH of an alkali towards 7 • the reaction of H+(aq) to form H2O • e.g H+(aq) + OH-(aq) ----> H2O

  3. Equations….. • Acid + Alkali ----> Salt + Water • Acid + Basic Oxide ---> Salt + Water • Acid + Metal Carbonate ---> Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide • Acid + Metal ---> Salt + Hydrogen

  4. Acid + Carbonate e.g H+ + CO32- ---> H2O + CO2 Acid + Metal e.g H+ + Mg ---> H2 + Mg2+ Without Spectators….

  5. A Salt is……. • a substance in which the hydrogen ion of an acid has been replaced by a metal ion (or the ammonium ion) • e.g magnesium sulphate • potassium nitrate • sodium chloride

  6. a base is any substance which neutralises an acid e.g metal carbonate, metal oxide metal hydroxide bases which dissolve in water form alkalis e.g sodium oxide dissolves in water to make sodium hydroxide Bases

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