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Reconstructive Memory and Distortions

Reconstructive Memory and Distortions. PSY 421 – Fall 2004. Overview. Memory as Reconstruction Eyewitness Memory Effects Illusory or False Memories Recovered Memories. Memory as Reconstruction. When we remember, we are often putting pieces of information together

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Reconstructive Memory and Distortions

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  1. Reconstructive Memory and Distortions PSY 421 – Fall 2004

  2. Overview • Memory as Reconstruction • Eyewitness Memory Effects • Illusory or False Memories • Recovered Memories

  3. Memory as Reconstruction • When we remember, we are often putting pieces of information together • Sometimes those pieces are accurately remembered, and sometimes not • Misremembering • Omission – failure to bring something to mind: transience, absentmindedness, blocking • Commission – remembering unwanted or inaccurate information: misattribution, suggestibility, bias, persistence

  4. Eyewitness Memory - Encoding • Factors that influence encoding • Perceptual – viewing conditions • Emotion and stress • Cross-racial identification – interaction between race of the observer and race of the observed • Unconscious Transference – familiarity effect (misattribution) • Misinformation Effect – misleading information presented after event is attributed to the event (misattribution, suggestibility, retroactive interference)

  5. Misinformation

  6. Eyewitness Memory - Retrieval • Factors that influence encoding • Lineups • Hypnosis • Cognitive Interview

  7. Illusory or False Memory

  8. Recovered Memories

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