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Nutrients. Media. Cell Wall 1. Cell Wall 2. Nothing. 1pt. 1 pt. 1 pt. 1pt. 1 pt. 2 pt. 2 pt. 2pt. 2pt. 2 pt. 3 pt. 3 pt. 3 pt. 3 pt. 3 pt. 4 pt. 4 pt. 4pt. 4 pt. 4pt. 5pt. 5 pt. 5 pt. 5 pt. 5 pt.

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  1. Nutrients Media Cell Wall 1 Cell Wall 2 Nothing 1pt 1 pt 1 pt 1pt 1 pt 2 pt 2 pt 2pt 2pt 2 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 4 pt 4 pt 4pt 4 pt 4pt 5pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt

  2. This macronutrient is important because it makes up both amino acids and nucleotides.

  3. What is nitrogen?

  4. This macronutrient is important because it forms the high energy bonds in ATP.

  5. What is phosphorous?

  6. Siderophores help transfer this macronutrient across the cell membrane

  7. What is iron?

  8. Micronutrients are important because they are components of these types of molecules.

  9. What are enzymes?

  10. Vitamins are considered these types of molecules

  11. What are growth factors or coenzymes?

  12. You would MOST likely use this type of media if you wanted to determine if your culture was contaminated.

  13. What is solid media or petri dishes with agar?

  14. In this type of media, you know the exact molar composition of the components that you are adding.

  15. What is chemically defined media?

  16. If you were using a yeast extract, you would be making up this type of media.

  17. What is chemically complex?

  18. This type of media will inhibit the growth of some organisms but not others.

  19. What is selective?

  20. In this type of media, addition of specific factors (nutrients) allows certain organisms to grow that would not normally grow.

  21. What is enrichment?

  22. These are some functions of the cell wall.

  23. What is support/cell shape? What is protects the interior of the cell from adverse changes? What is prevents cells from rupturing? What is point of anchorage for flagella?

  24. Antibiotics are use to disrupt the bacterial cell wall but are not effective against eukaryotic cells for this reason

  25. What is most eukaryotic cells do not have cell walls? If they do, they do not consist of peptidoglycan which is a major target of antibiotics.

  26. This is the backbone of the peptidoglycan and these subunits are linked together in this way.

  27. What is NAM-NAG in b1,4 glycosidic linkage?

  28. The four peptides that are involved in linking different chains of peptidoglycan together are bound to the peptidoglycan backbone in this location.

  29. What is to NAM?

  30. Peptide interbridges are found in this class of bacteria.

  31. What are gram positive?

  32. These are some similarities between the gram + and gram – cell walls.

  33. What is both contain peptidoglycan and both are negatively charged? (teichoic acid in gram + and LPS in gram -)

  34. These are some differences between the gram + and gram – cell wall?

  35. What is the different chains of the gram- cell wall are joined together by DAP and D-alanine while the gram + chains join by a peptide interbridge? What is the gram – cell wall has only a few layers of peptidoglycan while there are many layers in the gram + cell wall? What is the gram – cell wall has 2 layers and the gram + has only one layer? What is the gram – cell wall has a periplasmic space and porins (others but no space)

  36. These are the 3 parts that make up LPS and this is the part that faces the outside

  37. What is lipid A, core oligosaccharides and O-linked oligosaccharides (most outer part)?

  38. This is what is recognized by Toll receptors.

  39. What are Markers specific for a class of pathogens (pathogen-associated molecular patterns)?

  40. This is the location of toll receptors in the host cell.

  41. What is either on the cell surface or intracellular?

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