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Monongahela Indians

The Monongahela Indians thrived in the Monongahela River Valley from 3000-1620 AD, living in small tribes of 100-150 people. They constructed circular huts arranged around a central plaza and relied on agriculture, growing crops like corn and beans, while also hunting deer and elk. Their society was marked by stone tools, shell-tempered pottery, and extensive trade with neighboring tribes. Despite their resourceful culture, they faced internal conflicts and European contact, leading to their eventual decline. Their burial practices reflected their social structure and beliefs.

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Monongahela Indians

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  1. Monongahela Indians Jordan Yost, Wes Rea, Lyle Bartlett, Josh Kent

  2. Existence • Lived in Monongahela River Valley in South West Pennsylvania and Ohio • From 3000-1620 AD • Lived in tribes of 100-150 people • Only lived about 30 years

  3. Housing • Lived in circular huts that were arranged in a circular formation around a central plaza • Dug storage and trash pits into the ground • Had hearths in the center of all the houses • Some villages were surrounded by barricades to keep intruders out

  4. Food Gathering • Practiced agriculture of corn, maize, beans, squash, sunflower, and other plants • Hunted deer, elk, bear, and turkey with a bow and arrow • Had to constantly move for food since the animals would became sparse and the soil would become depleted

  5. Craftsmanship • Used stone tools • Bow and arrow was main hunting tool • Made shell tempered pottery • Made beads that were used in trade • Had stone and ceramic smoking pipes

  6. Trade • Traded fur to the Iroquoian tribes in the lower Great Lakes • They were the middleman in the marine shell trade from the Chesapeake Bay

  7. Ultimate Demise • They were at war within their own tribes • Came in contact with European people so they came in contact with disease • Food sources were constantly disappearing • There is no actual evidence of a catastrophic event but they still died out

  8. Burials • Women and children were buried with marine shell which was embroidered on cloth or headdresses • Men were buried with personal adornment of shell, bone , and stone • As well as pipes and medicine pouches or bundle • Children were buried within the homes but adults were not

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