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Electronic Imaging Fundamentals: Digger Tooth Monitoring

This presentation outlines an innovative automated monitoring system designed for digger tooth identification using advanced image analysis technology. Presented by Barry T. Fryer Dudley, it addresses the challenges of human inspection variability and proposes a real-time camera-based system to accurately count and identify missing teeth on diggers, alerting operators immediately to prevent further damage. The system enhances operational efficiency through better precision, reproducibility, and increased throughput while generating detailed reports for enhanced accountability.

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Electronic Imaging Fundamentals: Digger Tooth Monitoring

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  1. Electronic Imaging Fundamentals: Digger Tooth Monitoring Presented by Barry T. Fryer Dudley (MBA {IT}; MSc {Image Analysis} SEPTEMBER 2008 “..any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.” Arthur C. Clark

  2. Background:To operate a digger the right number of teeth are important. Identification of a missing tooth by human inspectors prone to short and long term variations. An automated tooth ID inspection system using a camera is proposed.

  3. Requirement:Provide image analysis technology linked to a camera to count the number of teeth on a digger in real time, alarming to the operator when a tooth is removed. Now possible to remove the tooth from the load, preventing further damage.

  4. Why do Image Analysis? • Better Definition of Contrasting Areas • Improved Precision/Accuracy in Measurements • Reproducibility of Results • Higher Throughput than Manual Methods

  5. A Word About Our Eyes • Eyes are very good contrast adjusters, but not good for distinguishing subtle variations in color • Eyes can discern about 30 continuous levels of gray or color in a field of view • Eyes are not good judges of distance • Eyes cannot accurately reproduce measurements

  6. Which is BIGGER / LONGER???

  7. Electronic Imaging Fundamentals Acquire Process Identify Analyze Report

  8. Acquiring the Image Arguably, the most important aspect of all • Proper setup of imaging apparatus is vital • Obtain maximum contrast and dynamic range • Reduce “noise” and other unwanted artifacts • Uniform lighting (light) • Product presentation (right way up) • Resolution & Colour (CCTV VS DIGITAL)

  9. Local I/Os: • Trigger input • Results output • Illumination control • Illumination Acquire • Image sensor • Pre-processing • Digitizing • (Lens Iris • Video) • Cat-5e • Ethernet cable • up to 100 m • Image Processing In PC • Lens • Power • Interface • Timing • PLC

  10. Thresholding an Image • Select appropriate morphometric characteristics • Identify regions of interest to analyse • Mask regions • Colour • Size • Shape • Intensity

  11. All teeth present

  12. 1st tooth missing • Failure on: • Min Count • Defect detection

  13. All teeth present • Pass all on: • Location • Count • Defect detection

  14. 2nd tooth missing • Fail on: • Count • Defect detection

  15. 2ndtooth: portion missing • Pass all on: • Location • 1st Count • FAILURE • Defect detection • 2nd Count

  16. Product Review • Image Analysis SOFTWARE and HARDWARE would be used to capture an image of the digger teeth. • The image would be processed to determine the expected number of teeth, the length and orientation. • If outside SPEC, Possible to have an audio and visual alarm on site or generated in the control room. • A report would be generated showing date, time, images etc.

  17. SYSTEM DESIGN

  18. COST IMPLICATIONS • Purchase (1 system) • Lease (Rental) @ R per month • Cost per image (Transaction)

  19. 3 Payment Options Cost per transaction (no image received, no payment) @ R 0.99 c Fixed monthly cost (same price regardless of no. of teeth checked) = R 3, 852.44 Capital amount (no further costs) @ R 96 310.98 Pricing

  20. SPIN OFFS • Real time up date images of the digger in operation • Receive notification of a broken tooth immediately • Real time enquiries via Web Site / SMS / E-mail • Driver link to digger via biometric now possible • Regulate digger violations • Increased awareness by the operator that he being monitored • Feedback reporting to operator associations • Illegal operation

  21. In Summary All about tracking digger teeth, informing the operator of a lost tooth within seconds, changing user activities, combined with efficientworkflow control, and increased accountability and profits, together with real time monitoring of digger operation.

  22. Technical QUESTIONS: Barry T. DUDLEY (MBA {IT}; MSc {Image Analysis}; BSc {Brewing}; BSc Hons {Waste Technology}) www.i-cube.co.za Cell: +27 (0) 82 562 8225 MADADENI PH +27 (0) 31 764-3077 82 Kloof Falls Rd Fax 0866539659 Kloof, Durban, Kwa-Zulu Natal, 3610 E-mail: images@I-Cube.co.za • “..any sufficiently advanced technology isindistinguishable from magic.” Arthur C. Clark

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