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Optimization Methods in Compiler Flow Graphs: A Comprehensive Study

This investigation explores various optimization methods utilized in optimizing compilers, as conducted by MSc student Eugene Gavrin. The research focuses on developing a universal internal representation of programs based on formal computational models, implementing a range of common compiler optimizations, and employing essential structures like Abstract Syntax Trees (AST), control flow graphs, and data flow graphs. Detailed transformations such as constant folding, sub-expression evaluation, and loop optimizations are analyzed, along with CIL processing and comparative results against the MSFT .NET compiler.

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Optimization Methods in Compiler Flow Graphs: A Comprehensive Study

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  1. Investigation of flow graphs optimization methods used in optimizing compilers Eugene Gavrin – MSc student

  2. Universal compiler back-end

  3. Tasks • Develop an universal internal representation of the program based on formal computational model • Implement the set of common compiler optimizations

  4. Internal representation • AST • Control flow graph • Data flow graph • Call graph • Dependency graph • ...

  5. Internal representation • AST • Control flow graph • Data flow graph • Call graph • Dependency graph • ...

  6. Internal representation • AST • Control flow graph • Data flow graph • Call graph • Dependency graph • ...

  7. Internal representation • AST • Control flow graph • Data flow graph • Call graph • Dependency graph • ...

  8. Internal representation • AST • Control flow graph • Data flow graph • Call graph • Dependency graph • ...

  9. Internal representation • AST • Control flow graph • Data flow graph • Call graph • Dependency graph • ...

  10. Internal representation • Oriented graph • Nodes are functional operators • Vertexes are data dependencies • Each operator stores: • Operation name • Input and output data links • Meta data

  11. Internal representation (branching) • Extended data flow model by Davis & Keller • Selector and Distributor represents conditional statements • Enough to represent any control operator • If / Switch • For / While

  12. Optimizing transformations • Constant folding; • Sub-expression evaluation; • Strength reduction; • Null sequences; • Combine operators; • Loop optimizations; • Branch Elimination;

  13. Constant folding Before After

  14. Sub-expression evaluation Before After

  15. Dead code elimination Before After

  16. Direct conversion Before After

  17. Future plans • СIL processing (.NET assembly) • Load • Unload • Compare results with MSFT .NET compiler • Static program analysis

  18. Q&A

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