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Autosegmental Phonology

Background. Contour languageTone language level tone language. . contour language. Contrasts mainly dependent on pitch movement on each syllablee.g. Cantonese[si?] city' (low-mid to mid, rising)

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Autosegmental Phonology

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    1. Autosegmental Phonology By ? ?

    2. Background Contour language Tone language level tone language

    3. contour language Contrasts mainly dependent on pitch movement on each syllable e.g. Cantonese [si?] city (low-mid to mid, rising) [si?] history (low-mid to high, rising) [si?] matter (low-mid, level) [si?] silk (high, level) [si?] time (low-mid to low, falling) [si?] to try (mid, level)

    4. level tone languages tonal contrasts are predominantly dependent on the pitch height of each syllable e.g. Igbo [akwa] bed LL [aa] war HH [aSa] weaver bird HL [uba] wealth LH

    5. Tone may mark grammatical categories timeless [?"ma] I show continuous [?"ma] I am showing past [?"ma] I showed

    6. The Absolute Slicing Hypothesis traditional SPE-style phonology regarded tone as a feature belonging to the vowel, but there is evidence that tones have some autonomy from the vowels on which they are realized:

    7. Contour tones behave as if a combination of simple tones, e.g. in tonal polarity, where some marker always has the opposite tone to that of the base, as in Margi:

    8. tonal melodies Leben (1973) data from Mende show only 5 basic patterns at the word level. H k war p?l? house hawama waist L kpadebt b?l? pants kpakal? chair HL mbuowl ngIladog felama?junction LH mbarice fandecotton ndavula sling LHL mbacompanion nyahawoman nIkIlI ?? peanut

    9. Autosegmental phonology (Goldsmith 1976) Definition 1 A new type of phonological representation was proposed, made up of several simultaneous sequences of segments linked by association lines. ------M.St./M.Phil. Phonology course

    10. Definition 2 Autosegmental phonology is a non-linear approach to phonology that allows phonological processes, such as tone and vowel harmony, to be independent of and extend beyond individual consonants and vowels. ----Goldsmith, John A. 1975. "Tone melodies and the autosegment."

    11. one-to-one association e.g. Mende ng"la? dog fande? cotton H L L H

    12. many-to-one association mba? rice mba? companion L H L H L

    13. multiple linking kpakal" ?chair ndavula? sling L H L

    14. Goldsmiths Universal Association Convention (UAC) Match the tones and tone-bearing units (TBUs) one to one, left to right. Associate left-over TBUs with the last tone and left-over tones with the last TBU. No Crossing Constraint: association lines do not cross.

    15. Extensions of autosegmental phonology Nasality may be a property of whole words in Desano, e.g. [w?a"] name [wa"] fish w a " ? w a " ? [+nasal] [-nasal] ?

    16. Autosegmental&CV phonology Eg. Penny C V C V p ? n i

    17. Thank you!

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