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Solutions

Solutions. Describe and give examples of various types of solutions . Include: suspension, emulsion, colloid, alloy, solute, solvent, soluble, insoluble, miscible, immiscible Additional KEY Terms Pure Mixture Heterogeneous Homogeneous. 1. Heterogeneous mixtures uneven distribution .

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Solutions

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  1. Solutions

  2. Describe and give examples of various types of solutions. • Include: suspension, emulsion, colloid, alloy, solute, solvent, soluble, insoluble, miscible, immiscible • Additional KEY Terms • Pure Mixture • Heterogeneous Homogeneous

  3. 1. Heterogeneous mixtures • uneven distribution. • particles in mixture can be identified. • Sand and water • Salt and pepper • Suspension • heterogenous mix of solid in liquid. • Use filters to separate components. • Suspensions often settle out if left to stand.

  4. b. Emulsion • heterogeneous mixof two or more liquids. If we let emulsions sit, they will eventually separate too.

  5. c. Colloids / Gels • Larger molecules suspended in liquid • Not easily filteredand do not settle out • Are usually opaque / translucent • Light hits particles and doesn’t get through – Tyndall Effect Can look homogenous: Blood, milk, mayonnaise, whip cream, jelly…

  6. 2. Homogeneous mixtures • particles of are evenlydistributed • difficult to separate • Salt or sugar dissolved in water a. Solution - mixture where all substances are distributed as individual moleculesor ions. • Solutions do NOT settle out • Solutions cannot be filtered • Usually called solutions

  7. b. Alloys • solutions of two or more metals. • mixed to take advantageof specific properties • (malleability, density, strength and rust resistance) Steel - iron and carbon (stronger) Brass - copper and zinc (stronger) Bronze - copper and tin (stronger) Stainlesssteel - steel w/ chromium (no rust) Gold - gold and copper (harder)

  8. A solution is made up of solute andsolvent • Solvent- substance that does the dissolving • Solute- the dissolved substance. • Solutions with water as the solvent are known as aqueous solutions In a mixture of same states (both liquids), the solvent is the substance present in the largeramount.

  9. Solubility: The amount of solute that can dissolve in a given volume of solvent to form a solution. solute insoluble soluble • Soluble – dissolves in a solvent (solution) • Insoluble - does not dissolve(suspension) The terms soluble and insoluble are relative terms. ?

  10. Miscible- liquids mix in each other (solution) • Immiscible - liquids do not mix (emulsion) • Allgasmixtures are solutions • Allgas mixtures are homogeneous

  11. Mixtures liquid liquid solid liquid miscible insoluble immiscible soluble (dissolve) (dissolve) solution emulsion suspension solution (homogeneous) (heterogeneous) (heterogeneous) (homogeneous) metal metal gas gas soluble soluble (dissolve) (dissolve) alloy solution (homogeneous) (homogeneous)

  12. Ca(NO3)2(s) ethanol (l) Ioniccalcium nitrate is soluble in polarethanol – this is a homogeneoussolution. octane (l) ethanol (l) Nonpolaroctane is immisciblein polarethanol – this is a heterogeneousemulsion.

  13. CAN YOU / HAVE YOU? • Describeand give examples of various types of solutions. • Include: suspension, emulsion, colloid, alloy, solute, solvent, soluble, insoluble, miscible, immiscible • Additional KEY Terms • Pure Mixture • Heterogeneous Homogeneous

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